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Universities » Saint Mary's College (SMC) » ANTH - Anthropology » 142RM - Archaeology » Flash Cards

Exam Review - Flashcards

Flashcard Deck Information

Class:	ANTH 142RM - Archaeology
Subject:	Anthropology
University:	Saint Mary's College
Term:	Unknown

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Column/Temple of Marcus Aurelius

181 AD
Dedicated by Commodus for his Father
Shows victory of the Danubian War
Violent, emotional relief
HIGH relief
similar to the Septimius Severus Arch

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Arch of Septimius Severus

Dedicated 203
Parthian Victory
showed Sept. and his two sons in a four horse chariot
victory all around
Caracalla killed Geta and then damnatio memoriae
Roman Forum

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Temple of Saturn

501-498 BC
By Tarquinius Superbus
Temple dedicated to the God Saturn
In the Roman Forum
Aerarium: Held the treasures of the Roman Republic like gold and silver

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Temple of The Magna Mater

Temple of the Cybele
191 BC
On Palatine Hill
Had a statue of Cybele sitting on a throne with lions paw
Corinthian Order
Curved roof

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Temple of Divine Julius Caesar

Dedicated by Augustus in 29 BC
after Battle Actium in 31 BC
Where funeral pyre of Caesar occured
The altar is where his body would have been cremated
Still pay respects.

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Temples in Largo Argentina

Temple A: third century BC created because of the victory over the Carthaginians
Temple B: youngest, round temple, 101 BC, Cimbri
Temple C: oldest, 4th/3rd century BC, temple to Feronia (fertility)
Temple D: biggest, 2nd century BC, Lares Permanini

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Forum of Julius Caesar

54 BC construction
46 BC dedication
expansion of Roman Forum
Augustus later added public buildings to the Forum
Shrine to Caesar and Venus
Venus Temple constructed after Caesar's assasination

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Capitoline Temple

600 BC
Dedicated to Jupiter, Minerva, and Juno
Named b/c jupiter statue was found on Capitoline Hill
Referred to Old Castle when the rest of the land was unused
Put up by Tarquinius Priscus
3 Halls surround the Temple

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Colossal Statue of Constantine

330 AD
In Basilica of Maxentius
Head and extremities are marble, body is wood glazed with bronze
looking and pointing to the heavens

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Arch of Trajan

114/115 AD
Like the Arch of Titus but taller and with Bronze statues of Trajan and his Wife so the Arch would serve as a landmark to the seaport. In Ancona, after the war of the Dacians
Apollodorus
But Trajan preferred columns for his Triumph

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Marcus Aurelius on a Horse

176 AD
Bronze Statue
Probably originally at Temple/Column of Marcus Aurelius
Thought it was Constantine so that's why it was left
Power/Peace

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Mausoleum of Augustus

28 BC
Campus Martius
Round plan
Concrete (faced with travertine and marble)
houses friends and family
Battle of Actium 31 BC

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Temple of Hercules

late second century BC
Forum Boarium Rome, IT
Round temple
Peripheral Colonnade
Thought it was Temple of Vesta

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Temple of Portunus

Forum Boarium
God Portunus
Engaged colums
Ionic Order
High Podium
75 BC

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Temple of Athena

500 BC
Poseidonia (Paestum)
Doric and Ionic order combined (porch is Ionic)
First temple to do that
Doric curvature to main peristyle
Pediment with No sculptures
Friezes found

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Temple Of Castor and Pollux

484 BC
Aulus Albinus promised the Roman Republic of a temple to the Gemini (twins of Zeus- Castor and Pollux)
Twins showed up to help Romans win the war
Temple went up
used as meeting place
Archaic

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Forum/Column of Trajan

Forum in 112 Ad
Column in 113 AD
By Apollodorus
low relief
Victory over Trajan War

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Arch of Constantine

By Colosseum
312 AD
spolia - either lack of talent (Istanbul) or to metaphor Constantine to the "great" emperors of Rome
Victory over Maxentius

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Theater of Pompey

55 BC
T. Venus Victrix was the disguise of theater so it could be commissioned
first free standing stone structure
thought to be one of the largest in Rome
Triple Triumph
Where Julius Caesar was murdered

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Pantheon

25 BC by Marcus Agrippa (Augustus)
125 by Hadrian (really accredited to Trajan's architect Apollodorus)
Doesn't quite match up with columns and a second pediment
Many theories
Dedicated to ALL Gods
Many God statues surrounding the Pantheon
Oculus only source of light, sacrifices to the Gods

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Arch of Titus

Pentelic Marble
81 AD
Victory in Jewish Wars
Sacking of the Jewish Temple (Menorah)
Titus returning to Rome
Dedicated by Domitian (his brother)

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Forum of Augustus

Roman Forum
dedicated in 2 BC
Temple of Mars Ultar
Where Rome would make decisions about going to war
Where toga virilis took place (boy ceremony changing to men- coming of age)

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Temple of Hera

In Paestum
550 BC
First temple in Poseidonia
Called the Basilica because it was thought to be Roman building
it is Greek
Worship of Hera
Naos was split into 2 by columns. It could have been a split worship of Jupiter and to Hera
Doric

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Theater of Marcellus

Commissioned by Julius Caesar to compete against the Theater of Pompey
Dedicated in 12 BC by Augustus to his nephew, Marcus Marcellus
Base columns were of the Doric Order
The middle was of Ionic Order
and the Top is theorized to be of the Corinthian Order
Games and other entertainment/events held here

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Baths of Caracalla

212 AD
Leisure baths
2 public libraries
natatio
caldariums, tepidariums, frigidariums, and 2 palestras

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Tomb of the Diver

In Paestum
470 BC
Main piece was a frieze painting on the ceiling
Two master (artists) for this one tomb
free-ness
diving into the underworld
or aristocratic activities
nature

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Capitoline She-Wolf

5th century BC (but there are many debates)
Bronze Archaic Sculpture
She-Wolf symbol of Rome
Romulus and Remus adding in later
Myth Story

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Heroon

In Paestum
6th Century BC
an empty grave dedicated to a hero
In Paestum, these were covered by walls (when conquerors came) so they were there out of respect but not taking away from their new buildings

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Ara Pacis

Altar of Augustan Peace
13-9 BC
propaganda
fertility, religion, sacrifice, peace : Augustan time

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Column/Temple of Marcus Aurelius	181 AD Dedicated by Commodus for his Father Shows victory of the Danubian War Violent, emotional relief HIGH relief similar to the Septimius Severus Arch
Arch of Septimius Severus	Dedicated 203 Parthian Victory showed Sept. and his two sons in a four horse chariot victory all around Caracalla killed Geta and then damnatio memoriae Roman Forum
Temple of Saturn	501-498 BC By Tarquinius Superbus Temple dedicated to the God Saturn In the Roman Forum Aerarium: Held the treasures of the Roman Republic like gold and silver
Temple of The Magna Mater	Temple of the Cybele 191 BC On Palatine Hill Had a statue of Cybele sitting on a throne with lions paw Corinthian Order Curved roof

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Temple of Divine Julius Caesar	Dedicated by Augustus in 29 BC after Battle Actium in 31 BC Where funeral pyre of Caesar occured The altar is where his body would have been cremated Still pay respects.
Temples in Largo Argentina	Temple A: third century BC created because of the victory over the Carthaginians Temple B: youngest, round temple, 101 BC, Cimbri Temple C: oldest, 4th/3rd century BC, temple to Feronia (fertility) Temple D: biggest, 2nd century BC, Lares Permanini
Forum of Julius Caesar	54 BC construction 46 BC dedication expansion of Roman Forum Augustus later added public buildings to the Forum Shrine to Caesar and Venus Venus Temple constructed after Caesar's assasination
Capitoline Temple	600 BC Dedicated to Jupiter, Minerva, and Juno Named b/c jupiter statue was found on Capitoline Hill Referred to Old Castle when the rest of the land was unused Put up by Tarquinius Priscus 3 Halls surround the Temple

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Colossal Statue of Constantine	330 AD In Basilica of Maxentius Head and extremities are marble, body is wood glazed with bronze looking and pointing to the heavens
Arch of Trajan	114/115 AD Like the Arch of Titus but taller and with Bronze statues of Trajan and his Wife so the Arch would serve as a landmark to the seaport. In Ancona, after the war of the Dacians Apollodorus But Trajan preferred columns for his Triumph
Marcus Aurelius on a Horse	176 AD Bronze Statue Probably originally at Temple/Column of Marcus Aurelius Thought it was Constantine so that's why it was left Power/Peace
Mausoleum of Augustus	28 BC Campus Martius Round plan Concrete (faced with travertine and marble) houses friends and family Battle of Actium 31 BC

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Temple of Hercules	late second century BC Forum Boarium Rome, IT Round temple Peripheral Colonnade Thought it was Temple of Vesta
Temple of Portunus	Forum Boarium God Portunus Engaged colums Ionic Order High Podium 75 BC
Temple of Athena	500 BC Poseidonia (Paestum) Doric and Ionic order combined (porch is Ionic) First temple to do that Doric curvature to main peristyle Pediment with No sculptures Friezes found
Temple Of Castor and Pollux	484 BC Aulus Albinus promised the Roman Republic of a temple to the Gemini (twins of Zeus- Castor and Pollux) Twins showed up to help Romans win the war Temple went up used as meeting place Archaic

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Forum/Column of Trajan	Forum in 112 Ad Column in 113 AD By Apollodorus low relief Victory over Trajan War
Arch of Constantine	By Colosseum 312 AD spolia - either lack of talent (Istanbul) or to metaphor Constantine to the "great" emperors of Rome Victory over Maxentius
Theater of Pompey	55 BC T. Venus Victrix was the disguise of theater so it could be commissioned first free standing stone structure thought to be one of the largest in Rome Triple Triumph Where Julius Caesar was murdered
Pantheon	25 BC by Marcus Agrippa (Augustus) 125 by Hadrian (really accredited to Trajan's architect Apollodorus) Doesn't quite match up with columns and a second pediment Many theories Dedicated to ALL Gods Many God statues surrounding the Pantheon Oculus only source of light, sacrifices to the Gods

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Arch of Titus	Pentelic Marble 81 AD Victory in Jewish Wars Sacking of the Jewish Temple (Menorah) Titus returning to Rome Dedicated by Domitian (his brother)
Forum of Augustus	Roman Forum dedicated in 2 BC Temple of Mars Ultar Where Rome would make decisions about going to war Where toga virilis took place (boy ceremony changing to men- coming of age)
Temple of Hera	In Paestum 550 BC First temple in Poseidonia Called the Basilica because it was thought to be Roman building it is Greek Worship of Hera Naos was split into 2 by columns. It could have been a split worship of Jupiter and to Hera Doric
Theater of Marcellus	Commissioned by Julius Caesar to compete against the Theater of Pompey Dedicated in 12 BC by Augustus to his nephew, Marcus Marcellus Base columns were of the Doric Order The middle was of Ionic Order and the Top is theorized to be of the Corinthian Order Games and other entertainment/events held here

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Baths of Caracalla	212 AD Leisure baths 2 public libraries natatio caldariums, tepidariums, frigidariums, and 2 palestras
Tomb of the Diver	In Paestum 470 BC Main piece was a frieze painting on the ceiling Two master (artists) for this one tomb free-ness diving into the underworld or aristocratic activities nature
Capitoline She-Wolf	5th century BC (but there are many debates) Bronze Archaic Sculpture She-Wolf symbol of Rome Romulus and Remus adding in later Myth Story
Heroon	In Paestum 6th Century BC an empty grave dedicated to a hero In Paestum, these were covered by walls (when conquerors came) so they were there out of respect but not taking away from their new buildings

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Ara Pacis

Altar of Augustan Peace 13-9 BC propaganda fertility, religion, sacrifice, peace : Augustan time

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	Column/Temple of Marcus Aurelius	181 AD Dedicated by Commodus for his Father Shows victory of the Danubian War Violent, emotional relief HIGH relief similar to the Septimius Severus Arch
	Arch of Septimius Severus	Dedicated 203 Parthian Victory showed Sept. and his two sons in a four horse chariot victory all around Caracalla killed Geta and then damnatio memoriae Roman Forum
	Temple of Saturn	501-498 BC By Tarquinius Superbus Temple dedicated to the God Saturn In the Roman Forum Aerarium: Held the treasures of the Roman Republic like gold and silver
	Temple of The Magna Mater	Temple of the Cybele 191 BC On Palatine Hill Had a statue of Cybele sitting on a throne with lions paw Corinthian Order Curved roof
	Temple of Divine Julius Caesar	Dedicated by Augustus in 29 BC after Battle Actium in 31 BC Where funeral pyre of Caesar occured The altar is where his body would have been cremated Still pay respects.
	Temples in Largo Argentina	Temple A: third century BC created because of the victory over the Carthaginians Temple B: youngest, round temple, 101 BC, Cimbri Temple C: oldest, 4th/3rd century BC, temple to Feronia (fertility) Temple D: biggest, 2nd century BC, Lares Permanini
	Forum of Julius Caesar	54 BC construction 46 BC dedication expansion of Roman Forum Augustus later added public buildings to the Forum Shrine to Caesar and Venus Venus Temple constructed after Caesar's assasination
	Capitoline Temple	600 BC Dedicated to Jupiter, Minerva, and Juno Named b/c jupiter statue was found on Capitoline Hill Referred to Old Castle when the rest of the land was unused Put up by Tarquinius Priscus 3 Halls surround the Temple
	Colossal Statue of Constantine	330 AD In Basilica of Maxentius Head and extremities are marble, body is wood glazed with bronze looking and pointing to the heavens
	Arch of Trajan	114/115 AD Like the Arch of Titus but taller and with Bronze statues of Trajan and his Wife so the Arch would serve as a landmark to the seaport. In Ancona, after the war of the Dacians Apollodorus But Trajan preferred columns for his Triumph
	Marcus Aurelius on a Horse	176 AD Bronze Statue Probably originally at Temple/Column of Marcus Aurelius Thought it was Constantine so that's why it was left Power/Peace
	Mausoleum of Augustus	28 BC Campus Martius Round plan Concrete (faced with travertine and marble) houses friends and family Battle of Actium 31 BC
	Temple of Hercules	late second century BC Forum Boarium Rome, IT Round temple Peripheral Colonnade Thought it was Temple of Vesta
	Temple of Portunus	Forum Boarium God Portunus Engaged colums Ionic Order High Podium 75 BC
	Temple of Athena	500 BC Poseidonia (Paestum) Doric and Ionic order combined (porch is Ionic) First temple to do that Doric curvature to main peristyle Pediment with No sculptures Friezes found
	Temple Of Castor and Pollux	484 BC Aulus Albinus promised the Roman Republic of a temple to the Gemini (twins of Zeus- Castor and Pollux) Twins showed up to help Romans win the war Temple went up used as meeting place Archaic
	Forum/Column of Trajan	Forum in 112 Ad Column in 113 AD By Apollodorus low relief Victory over Trajan War
	Arch of Constantine	By Colosseum 312 AD spolia - either lack of talent (Istanbul) or to metaphor Constantine to the "great" emperors of Rome Victory over Maxentius
	Theater of Pompey	55 BC T. Venus Victrix was the disguise of theater so it could be commissioned first free standing stone structure thought to be one of the largest in Rome Triple Triumph Where Julius Caesar was murdered
	Pantheon	25 BC by Marcus Agrippa (Augustus) 125 by Hadrian (really accredited to Trajan's architect Apollodorus) Doesn't quite match up with columns and a second pediment Many theories Dedicated to ALL Gods Many God statues surrounding the Pantheon Oculus only source of light, sacrifices to the Gods
	Arch of Titus	Pentelic Marble 81 AD Victory in Jewish Wars Sacking of the Jewish Temple (Menorah) Titus returning to Rome Dedicated by Domitian (his brother)
	Forum of Augustus	Roman Forum dedicated in 2 BC Temple of Mars Ultar Where Rome would make decisions about going to war Where toga virilis took place (boy ceremony changing to men- coming of age)
	Temple of Hera	In Paestum 550 BC First temple in Poseidonia Called the Basilica because it was thought to be Roman building it is Greek Worship of Hera Naos was split into 2 by columns. It could have been a split worship of Jupiter and to Hera Doric
	Theater of Marcellus	Commissioned by Julius Caesar to compete against the Theater of Pompey Dedicated in 12 BC by Augustus to his nephew, Marcus Marcellus Base columns were of the Doric Order The middle was of Ionic Order and the Top is theorized to be of the Corinthian Order Games and other entertainment/events held here
	Baths of Caracalla	212 AD Leisure baths 2 public libraries natatio caldariums, tepidariums, frigidariums, and 2 palestras
	Tomb of the Diver	In Paestum 470 BC Main piece was a frieze painting on the ceiling Two master (artists) for this one tomb free-ness diving into the underworld or aristocratic activities nature
	Capitoline She-Wolf	5th century BC (but there are many debates) Bronze Archaic Sculpture She-Wolf symbol of Rome Romulus and Remus adding in later Myth Story
	Heroon	In Paestum 6th Century BC an empty grave dedicated to a hero In Paestum, these were covered by walls (when conquerors came) so they were there out of respect but not taking away from their new buildings
	Ara Pacis	Altar of Augustan Peace 13-9 BC propaganda fertility, religion, sacrifice, peace : Augustan time

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