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Class:ARCH 101 - Introduction to Architecture
Subject:Architecture
University:Savannah College of Art and Design
Term:Winter 2010
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Renaissance Architecture Enlightened Architecture that used classical orders and perfect geometric shapes: the circle and square
Renaissance Architects Alberti, Brunelleschi, and Michelangelo
Famous Renaissance buildings The dome at Florence Cathedral, Foundling hospital
Mannerism A Rebellious and whimsical style, reinterpreted the classical orders of architecture
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Baroque Architecture a move away from renaissance architecture through mannerism that becomes more sculptural and uses shapes such as ovals, ellipses, triangles, and trapezoids... versaille layout
Baroque Architectus Bernini, Borromini, and Sir Christopher Wren
Rococo Architecture reaction against Baroque Architecture that was mainly confined to France and Germany, and was mainly interiors. it was also a reaction against the gluttony of versailles and a result of the french revolution
What Advances brought about the age of enlightenment? industrialism, population increases, transportation, medicine, science, new democratic governments...
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Why did art and architecture emerge as a new disciple? Due to the increased interest in the past and ancient cultures of Greece and Rome
Etienne-Louis Boullee? Claude Nicholas Ledous? why were they important? they were french architects and architectural theorists who pushed architecture with their groundbreaking simple geometric forms
Eclecticism the use of various architectural elements from various architectural styles to create a new design
Revivalist Styles Neoclassicism, Gothic Revival, Egyptian Revival, Creative Eclecticism
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Arts and Crafts movement a reaction against the machine aesthetic of the industrial revolution in architecture
First School of Architecture The Ecole des Beaux-Arts
Art Nouveau Similar to the arts and crafts movement it was hand crafted designs as a reaction against industrialism, but used the materials of industrialism, such as glass and metal, to create organic designs
Art Nouveau Architects Frank Lloyd Wright, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Charles Francois Voysey
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Modernism Reaction to 19th century architecture and influence of industrialism and new ideas on government
Modernist Architects Peter Behrens, Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius, Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe
Famous Le Corbusier Building Villa Savoye
Important book Le Corbu wrote Towards a new architecture
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Why is the book important? Contains five points of a new architecture: pilotis, free facade, ribbon windows, free plan, roof garden
Bauhaus? Walter Gropius created it and it was a school of artists and architects
What is Post Modernism? reaction to modernism, begun by Venturi
Critical Regionalism? uses relation to context to give a sense of place in architecture
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Topography changes in elevation on a site
Phenomenology sense of place (genus Loci), materials and or styles of a place, history, geography (topography), made famous by Kenneth Frampton in his book Towards a critical regionalism
Sustainable Design a. A type of Systems Integration, just like HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), Plumbing, Electrical and Structure b. Not a formal ordering system, like Axis, Symmetry, Rhythm, Datum, Hierarchy and Transformation c. Uses Sustainable Design Strategies, along with sustainable materials and alternative sources of energy to create an overall Sustainable Architecture
sustainable materials a. Local materials b. Renewable materials c. Recycled, or recyclable, materials d. Biodegradable materials e. Materials with low embodied energy
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Alternative Sources of energy a. Photovoltaic Panels (Solar Power) b. Wind farms c. Geothermal Energy d. Water Energy
seven sustainable design strategies a. Passive Solar Heating b. Active Solar Heating c. Thermal Massing d. Natural Ventilation e. Sun Shading f. Passive Cooling g. Natural Lighting
additional sustainable design strategies a. Recycling gray water b. Green roofs c. Water collection from roofs d. Composting toilets e. Energy efficient appliances and lighting
LEED Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
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Why is LEED important? Nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction, and operation of high performance green buildings and it gives building owners and operators the tools they need to have an immediate and measurable impact on their buildings’ performance
LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in what five key areas of human and environmental health? a. sustainable site development b. water savings c. energy efficiency d. materials selection e. indoor environmental quality
What are the processes involved to become a licensed architect? a. Obtain a degree from an architecture program accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board Inc. (NAAB) b. Complete three years of Internship and the Internship Development Program (IDP) under the supervision of a licensed architect c. Successfully complete all nine sections of the Architecture Registration Exam (ARE)
What are the five collateral organizations and what do they do? a. National Architectural Accrediting Board Inc. (NAAB) - the sole agency authorized to accredit US professional degree programs in architecture, established in 1940 b. Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) - a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, membership association founded in 1912 to advance the quality of architectural education, which includes over 250 schools in the US and Canada c. National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB) – organization of all state licensing boards in the US, begun in 1919, coordinates the Internship Development Program (IDP) and licensure through the Architecture Registration Exam (ARE) d. American Institute of Architects (AIA) – Professional organization for architects in the US, created in 1857 e. American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) – An independent, non-profit and student-run organization, also a professional organization that is the official voice of architecture students
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IDP Internship Development Program
ARE Architecture Licensing Exam
What are the jobs you can do in an architecture firm? a. Design b. Research c. Feasibility Study d. Sketch e. CAD f. Program g. Administer construction h. Schedule consultants
What are some areas that were covered on ethics in architecture? a. Who is architecture for? b. Should we take projects that do not fit with our design styles? c. Is architecture art or engineering? d. Why are their so few women and minorities in architecture?
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What is the least represented minority group in architecture? African Americans
Who was the first woman to be licensed and an AIA member? Louise Bethune
Who was the first black woman to be licensed and an AIA member? Norma Merrick Sklarek
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 Renaissance ArchitectureEnlightened Architecture that used classical orders and perfect geometric shapes: the circle and square
 Renaissance ArchitectsAlberti, Brunelleschi, and Michelangelo
 Famous Renaissance buildingsThe dome at Florence Cathedral, Foundling hospital
 MannerismA Rebellious and whimsical style, reinterpreted the classical orders of architecture
 Baroque Architecturea move away from renaissance architecture through mannerism that becomes more sculptural and uses shapes such as ovals, ellipses, triangles, and trapezoids... versaille layout
 Baroque ArchitectusBernini, Borromini, and Sir Christopher Wren
 Rococo Architecturereaction against Baroque Architecture that was mainly confined to France and Germany, and was mainly interiors. it was also a reaction against the gluttony of versailles and a result of the french revolution
 What Advances brought about the age of enlightenment?industrialism, population increases, transportation, medicine, science, new democratic governments...
 Why did art and architecture emerge as a new disciple?Due to the increased interest in the past and ancient cultures of Greece and Rome
 Etienne-Louis Boullee? Claude Nicholas Ledous? why were they important?they were french architects and architectural theorists who pushed architecture with their groundbreaking simple geometric forms
 Eclecticismthe use of various architectural elements from various architectural styles to create a new design
 Revivalist StylesNeoclassicism, Gothic Revival, Egyptian Revival, Creative Eclecticism
 Arts and Crafts movementa reaction against the machine aesthetic of the industrial revolution in architecture
 First School of ArchitectureThe Ecole des Beaux-Arts
 Art NouveauSimilar to the arts and crafts movement it was hand crafted designs as a reaction against industrialism, but used the materials of industrialism, such as glass and metal, to create organic designs
 Art Nouveau ArchitectsFrank Lloyd Wright, Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Charles Francois Voysey
 ModernismReaction to 19th century architecture and influence of industrialism and new ideas on government
 Modernist ArchitectsPeter Behrens, Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius, Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe
 Famous Le Corbusier BuildingVilla Savoye
 Important book Le Corbu wroteTowards a new architecture
 Why is the book important?Contains five points of a new architecture: pilotis, free facade, ribbon windows, free plan, roof garden
 Bauhaus?Walter Gropius created it and it was a school of artists and architects
 What is Post Modernism?reaction to modernism, begun by Venturi
 Critical Regionalism?uses relation to context to give a sense of place in architecture
 Topographychanges in elevation on a site
 Phenomenologysense of place (genus Loci), materials and or styles of a place, history, geography (topography), made famous by Kenneth Frampton in his book Towards a critical regionalism
 Sustainable Designa. A type of Systems Integration, just like HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), Plumbing, Electrical and Structure
b. Not a formal ordering system, like Axis, Symmetry, Rhythm, Datum, Hierarchy and Transformation
c. Uses Sustainable Design Strategies, along with sustainable materials and alternative sources of energy to create an overall Sustainable Architecture
 sustainable materialsa. Local materials
b. Renewable materials
c. Recycled, or recyclable, materials
d. Biodegradable materials
e. Materials with low embodied energy
 Alternative Sources of energya. Photovoltaic Panels (Solar Power)
b. Wind farms
c. Geothermal Energy
d. Water Energy
 seven sustainable design strategiesa. Passive Solar Heating
b. Active Solar Heating
c. Thermal Massing
d. Natural Ventilation
e. Sun Shading
f. Passive Cooling
g. Natural Lighting
 additional sustainable design strategiesa. Recycling gray water
b. Green roofs
c. Water collection from roofs
d. Composting toilets
e. Energy efficient appliances and lighting
 LEEDLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design
 Why is LEED important?Nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction, and operation of high performance green buildings and it gives building owners and operators the tools they need to have an immediate and measurable impact on their buildings’ performance
 LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in what five key areas of human and environmental health?a. sustainable site development
b. water savings
c. energy efficiency
d. materials selection
e. indoor environmental quality
 What are the processes involved to become a licensed architect?a. Obtain a degree from an architecture program accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board Inc. (NAAB)
b. Complete three years of Internship and the Internship Development Program (IDP) under the supervision of a licensed architect
c. Successfully complete all nine sections of the Architecture Registration Exam (ARE)
 What are the five collateral organizations and what do they do?a. National Architectural Accrediting Board Inc. (NAAB) - the sole agency authorized to accredit US professional degree programs in architecture, established in 1940
b. Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) - a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, membership association founded in 1912 to advance the quality of architectural education, which includes over 250 schools in the US and Canada
c. National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB) – organization of all state licensing boards in the US, begun in 1919, coordinates the Internship Development Program (IDP) and licensure through the Architecture Registration Exam (ARE)
d. American Institute of Architects (AIA) – Professional organization for architects in the US, created in 1857
e. American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) – An independent, non-profit and student-run organization, also a professional organization that is the official voice of architecture students
 IDPInternship Development Program
 AREArchitecture Licensing Exam
 What are the jobs you can do in an architecture firm?a. Design
b. Research
c. Feasibility Study
d. Sketch
e. CAD
f. Program
g. Administer construction
h. Schedule consultants
 What are some areas that were covered on ethics in architecture?a. Who is architecture for?
b. Should we take projects that do not fit with our design styles?
c. Is architecture art or engineering?
d. Why are their so few women and minorities in architecture?
 What is the least represented minority group in architecture? African Americans
 Who was the first woman to be licensed and an AIA member? Louise Bethune
 Who was the first black woman to be licensed and an AIA member? Norma Merrick Sklarek
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