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Universities » California State University-East.. » BIOL - Biological Sciences » 1401 - Molecular and Cellular Bi.. » Flash Cards

Cell and Molecular Biology - Flashcards

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Class:BIOL 1401 - Molecular and Cellular Biology
Subject:Biological Sciences
University:California State University-East Bay
Term:Spring 2010
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DNA REPLICATION fundamental process occurring in all living organisms to copy their DNA. DNA replication takes place by semi-conservative method.
Direction of DNA replication always 5'---->3'
Helicase Enzyme that unwind the helix structure of DNA
Single Strand Binding Protein After Helicase unwinds the DNA helix, this enzyme helps to stablize the unwinded strands from forming helix again.
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Primase Enzyme that synthesize an RNA primer at 5' end of leading strand and at each okazaki fragments of lagging strand.
DNA Polymerase III Using parental DNA, this enzyme synthesizes new DNA strand by covalently adding nucleotides to the 3' end of pre-existing DNA strand or at 3' end of RNA primer.
DNA Polymerase I This enzyme removes RNA nucleotides of primer from newly forming DNA strands and replace them by DNA nucleotides.
DNA Ligase After DNA polymerase I works, enzyme DNA Ligase joins all those newly added DNA nucleotides with rest of the nucleotides.
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Ways for correcting DNA nucleotide error 1) Proof reading 2) Mismatch Repair 3) Excision Repair
Nuclease Enzyme that cuts the DNA nucleotide during correction.
Leading Strand strand of the DNA double helix that is oriented in a 5' to 3' manner (with respect to direction of DNA replication) and this is the strand in which DNA replication occurs continuously without any okazaki fragments.
Lagging Strand strand of the DNA double helix that is oriented in a 3' to 5' manner (with respect to direction of DNA replication) and this is the strand in which DNA replication occurs dis-continuously with many okazaki fragments.
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 DNA REPLICATIONfundamental process occurring in all living organisms to copy their DNA. DNA replication takes place by semi-conservative method.
 Direction of DNA replicationalways 5'---->3'
 HelicaseEnzyme that unwind the helix structure of DNA
 Single Strand Binding ProteinAfter Helicase unwinds the DNA helix, this enzyme helps to stablize the unwinded strands from forming helix again.
 PrimaseEnzyme that synthesize an RNA primer at 5' end of leading strand and at each okazaki fragments of lagging strand.
 DNA Polymerase IIIUsing parental DNA, this enzyme synthesizes new DNA strand by covalently adding nucleotides to the 3' end of pre-existing DNA strand or at 3' end of RNA primer.
 DNA Polymerase IThis enzyme removes RNA nucleotides of primer from newly forming DNA strands and replace them by DNA nucleotides.
 DNA LigaseAfter DNA polymerase I works, enzyme DNA Ligase joins all those newly added DNA nucleotides with rest of the nucleotides.
 Ways for correcting DNA nucleotide error1) Proof reading
2) Mismatch Repair
3) Excision Repair
 NucleaseEnzyme that cuts the DNA nucleotide during correction.
 Leading Strandstrand of the DNA double helix that is oriented in a 5' to 3' manner (with respect to direction of DNA replication) and this is the strand in which DNA replication occurs continuously without any okazaki fragments.
 Lagging Strandstrand of the DNA double helix that is oriented in a 3' to 5' manner (with respect to direction of DNA replication) and this is the strand in which DNA replication occurs dis-continuously with many okazaki fragments.
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