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Universities » Guilford College » BIOL - Biology » 112 - Intgrtve Biol:Orgnsm,Ecol,.. » Flash Cards

Chapter 28 and 31 - Flashcards

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Class:BIOL 112 - Intgrtve Biol:Orgnsm,Ecol,Evol
Subject:Biology
University:Guilford College
Term:Spring 2011
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Describe the different nutritional strategies of protists. Protists can exhibit autotrophy, heterotrophy, or both in some cases (known as mixotrophy).
Autotrophy Autotrophy is the ability to be self-sustained by producing food from inorganic compounds.
Heterotrophy A heterotroph (; heteros = "another", "different" and trophe = "nutrition") is an organism that cannot fix carbon and uses organic carbon for growth.
Mixotrophy A mixotroph is a microorganism that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon.
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Describe the reproductive cycles of ciliates and the role of the two types of nuclei found in these protists They have large macronuclei and small micronuclei The micronuclei function during conjugation, a sexual process that produces genetic variation
micronuclei A micronucleus is the smaller nucleus in ciliate protozoans, such as the paramecium.
macronuclei A macronucleus (formerly also meganucleus) is the larger type of nucleus in ciliates.
ciliates The ciliates are a group of protozoans characterized by the presence of hair-like organelles called cilia, which are identical in structure to flagella but typically shorter and present in much larger numbers with a different undulating pattern than flagella.
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Describe and name of the different stages within the alternation of generations life cycle in multicellular algae. Definition
alternation of generations Alternation of generations (also known as alternation of phases or metagenesis) is a term primarily used in describing the life cycle of plants (taken here to mean the Archaeplastida).
aggregates An aggregate is a collection of items that are gathered together to form a total quantity.
multicellularity Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell, in contrast to single-celled organisms.
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fungi acquire their nutrients fungi acquire nutrients from decaying material
Describe the basic body plan of a fungus. Most fungi are filamentous—cylindrical cells are attached end-to-end to form a hypha. Collectively,the hyphae form a mycelium that penetrates the substance in which the fungus is growing.Under some circumstances, the hyphae grow in compacted masses such as a mushroom.
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 Describe the different nutritional strategies of protists.Protists can exhibit autotrophy, heterotrophy, or both in some cases (known as mixotrophy).
 AutotrophyAutotrophy is the ability to be self-sustained by producing food from inorganic compounds.
 HeterotrophyA heterotroph (; heteros = "another", "different" and trophe = "nutrition") is an organism that cannot fix carbon and uses organic carbon for growth.
 MixotrophyA mixotroph is a microorganism that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon.
 Describe the reproductive cycles of ciliates and the role of the two types of nuclei found in these protists They have large macronuclei and small micronuclei
The micronuclei function during conjugation, a sexual process that produces genetic variation
 micronucleiA micronucleus is the smaller nucleus in ciliate protozoans, such as the paramecium.
 macronuclei A macronucleus (formerly also meganucleus) is the larger type of nucleus in ciliates.
 ciliatesThe ciliates are a group of protozoans characterized by the presence of hair-like organelles called cilia, which are identical in structure to flagella but typically shorter and present in much larger numbers with a different undulating pattern than flagella.
 Describe and name of the different stages within the alternation of generations life cycle in multicellular algae. Definition
 alternation of generationsAlternation of generations (also known as alternation of phases or metagenesis) is a term primarily used in describing the life cycle of plants (taken here to mean the Archaeplastida).
 aggregatesAn aggregate is a collection of items that are gathered together to form a total quantity.
 multicellularityMulticellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell, in contrast to single-celled organisms.
 fungi acquire their nutrientsfungi acquire nutrients from decaying material
 Describe the basic body plan of a fungus.Most fungi are filamentous—cylindrical cells are attached end-to-end to form a hypha. Collectively,the hyphae form a mycelium that penetrates the substance in which the fungus is growing.Under some circumstances, the hyphae grow in compacted masses such as a mushroom.
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