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Universities » Southeast Missouri State Univers.. » BS - Biological Sciences » 113 - Anatomy & Phys I » Flash Cards

Final Exam - Flashcards

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Class:BS 113 - Anatomy & Phys I
Subject:Biological Sciences
University:Southeast Missouri State University
Term:Fall 2009
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Blood vessels (3) Arteries- Thickest Tunica media. Have nerves attatched to them. Carry oxygenated blood to organs. Veins- Valves, large lumen. Drainage system. Carry de-oxygenated blood. Capillaries- Convert from oxygenated to deoxygenated and they also convert from arteries to veins!
Lumen Open area where blood flows
Tunic Surrounds lumen in blood vessels
Tunica Interna Sheet of endothelial cells- simple squamous... same as heart for a smooth transition.
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Tunica Media Middle, smooth muscle. In arteries they are thicker and have nerves attatched to them. External Elastic Lamena- Elastic fibers allow arteries to stretch and recoil.
Tunica Externa Most superficial of the three. Made of collagen fibers- holds things tight anchors blood vessels to surrounding tissue ans structures. Keeps them in placfe
Vascoconstriction make lumen smaller
Vasodialation makes lumen bigger
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Order of Arteries to Veins Arteries Artrioles Capillary Beds Metrioles Venules Veins Heart
Capillary Bed Exchange of gases, nutrients go from capillaries to tissues, white blood cells
Sphincters Close off lumen or limit the flow by constricting
(3)Types of Arteries Elastic- Conduction Arteries Muscular- Distributing Artioles- smallest
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Elastic Arteries Conducting Arteries, very thick walls, very near the heart to smooth out the high pressure before it hits smaller arteries. Help reduce resistance to flow Have Elatic Lamena- Elastin
Muscular Arteries Distributing Arteries Actually deliver blood to the organs and tissue very active in vasoconstriction and vasodialation
Fenestrations holes or openings in the capillaries. The more holes... the more nutrients, white blood cells that can leave. Rise in Fenestrations= higher permiability RBC must contort themselves to fit through
Pericytes Type of cell that works as glue. It keeps the single layered cells together.
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Fact CO2 goes down the concentration gradient and into capillary
Colloid Osmotic Pressure Pressure exerted by all of the things in the blood/ solutes
Net Filtration Pressure All of the forces acting on the capillaries
Colloid Pressure vs. Net Filtration pressure Colloid Pressure must overcome Net Filtration pressure in order for solutes to get out of capillaries
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Veins Low blood pressure lots of valves to move blood Large diameter reduces resistance
Vein Adaptations Large Diameter Valves Not as strong as arteries tunicas are not as thick as arteries
Vericost Vein When there is too much fluid and the walls buckle and bend laterally and the working valves cannot touch and thus have not affect.
Characteristics of Muscle Tissue Excitabilty- responds to nerve impulses, carries action potential and transfer it to the muschle Contractablity- ability to contract Extensibility- ability to lengthen without breaking Elasticity- Elastic Fibers stretch and recoil
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Functions of Muscles Movement- Going from place to place. Muscles pull on bones. Even on inside (digestion) Generalization of Heat- Thermogenisis- everytime a muscle contracts, heat is realeased as a by product. Voluntary Involuntary- Shivery uncontrolable neg feedbackl Stabilizing Body Positions and Joints- Helping body staty upright. ex; Babies
Peristalsis Squeezing processs. Controling organ volume. S Sphincters
Muscle Types Skeletal- Striated, voluntary Cardiac- Striated, involuntary Smooth- unstriated, involuntary
Organization of Skeletal Muscle 1. Fascia- Sheet of dense irregular connective tissue. Protects, Lines body walls, aids in protection , anchors blood vessels to nerves 2. Epimusium- Most superficial . Surrounds entire muscle 3. Endo mysium- spearates each invidual fascicle
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 Blood vessels (3)Arteries- Thickest Tunica media. Have nerves attatched to them. Carry oxygenated blood to organs. Veins- Valves, large lumen. Drainage system. Carry de-oxygenated blood. Capillaries- Convert from oxygenated to deoxygenated and they also convert from arteries to veins!
 LumenOpen area where blood flows
 TunicSurrounds lumen in blood vessels
 Tunica InternaSheet of endothelial cells- simple squamous... same as heart for a smooth transition.
 Tunica MediaMiddle, smooth muscle. In arteries they are thicker and have nerves attatched to them. External Elastic Lamena- Elastic fibers allow arteries to stretch and recoil.
 Tunica ExternaMost superficial of the three. Made of collagen fibers- holds things tight anchors blood vessels to surrounding tissue ans structures. Keeps them in placfe
 Vascoconstrictionmake lumen smaller
 Vasodialationmakes lumen bigger
 Order of Arteries to VeinsArteries Artrioles Capillary Beds Metrioles Venules Veins Heart
 Capillary BedExchange of gases, nutrients go from capillaries to tissues, white blood cells
 SphinctersClose off lumen or limit the flow by constricting
 (3)Types of ArteriesElastic- Conduction Arteries Muscular- Distributing Artioles- smallest
 Elastic ArteriesConducting Arteries, very thick walls, very near the heart to smooth out the high pressure before it hits smaller arteries. Help reduce resistance to flow Have Elatic Lamena- Elastin
 Muscular ArteriesDistributing Arteries Actually deliver blood to the organs and tissue very active in vasoconstriction and vasodialation
 Fenestrationsholes or openings in the capillaries. The more holes... the more nutrients, white blood cells that can leave. Rise in Fenestrations= higher permiability RBC must contort themselves to fit through
 PericytesType of cell that works as glue. It keeps the single layered cells together.
 FactCO2 goes down the concentration gradient and into capillary
 Colloid Osmotic PressurePressure exerted by all of the things in the blood/ solutes
 Net Filtration PressureAll of the forces acting on the capillaries
 Colloid Pressure vs. Net Filtration pressureColloid Pressure must overcome Net Filtration pressure in order for solutes to get out of capillaries
 VeinsLow blood pressure lots of valves to move blood Large diameter reduces resistance
 Vein AdaptationsLarge Diameter Valves Not as strong as arteries tunicas are not as thick as arteries
 Vericost VeinWhen there is too much fluid and the walls buckle and bend laterally and the working valves cannot touch and thus have not affect.
 Characteristics of Muscle TissueExcitabilty- responds to nerve impulses, carries action potential and transfer it to the muschle Contractablity- ability to contract Extensibility- ability to lengthen without breaking Elasticity- Elastic Fibers stretch and recoil
 Functions of MusclesMovement- Going from place to place. Muscles pull on bones. Even on inside (digestion) Generalization of Heat- Thermogenisis- everytime a muscle contracts, heat is realeased as a by product. Voluntary Involuntary- Shivery uncontrolable neg feedbackl Stabilizing Body Positions and Joints- Helping body staty upright. ex; Babies
 PeristalsisSqueezing processs. Controling organ volume. S Sphincters
 Muscle TypesSkeletal- Striated, voluntary Cardiac- Striated, involuntary Smooth- unstriated, involuntary
 Organization of Skeletal Muscle1. Fascia- Sheet of dense irregular connective tissue. Protects, Lines body walls, aids in protection , anchors blood vessels to nerves 2. Epimusium- Most superficial . Surrounds entire muscle 3. Endo mysium- spearates each invidual fascicle
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