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Mid-Term Chapter 10 Definitions - Flashcards

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Class:COM 1101 - Introduction to Interpersonal Communication
Subject:Communication
University:Seattle Pacific University
Term:Spring 2011
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Aggressiveness Verbal attacks that demean others' self-concepts and inflict psychological pain 
Ambiguous Response A response with more than one meaning, leaving the other person unsure of the responder's position. 
argumentativeness Presenting and defending positions on issues while attacking positions taken by others,
certainty Dogmatically stating or implying that one's position is correct and others' ideas are not worth considering. Likely to arouse defensiveness, according to Gibb.
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communication climate The emotional tone of a relationship between two or more individuals.
complaining A disagreeing message that directly or indirectly communicates dissatisfaction with another person.
confirming communication A message that expresses caring or respect for another person; the person is valued by the speaker.
controlling communication According to Gibb, messages that attempt to impose some sort of outcome on another person, resulting in a defensive response.
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defensiveness The attempt to protect a presenting image a person believes is being attacked.
description Messages that describe a speaker's position without evaluating others.
disagreeing messages A message that essentially communicates to another person, 'You are wrong,' and includes argumentativeness, complaining, and aggressiveness.
disconfirming communication A message that expresses a lack of caring or respect for another person; the person is not valued by the speaker.
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empathy The ability to project oneself into another person's point of view in an attempt to experience the other's thoughts and feelings.
equality A type of supportive communication described by Gibb, which suggests that the sender regards the receiver with respect
evaluation A message in which a sender judges a receiver in some way, usually resulting in a defensive response.
face The image an individual wants to project to the world. See presenting self.
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face-threatening acts Behavior by another that is perceived as attacking an individual's presenting image, or face.
impersonal response A disconfirming response that is superficial or trite.
impervious response A disconfirming response that ignores another person's attempt to communicate.
incongruous response A disconfirming response in which two messages, one of which is usually nonverbal, contradict one another.
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interrupting response A disconfirming response in which one communicator interrupts another.
irrelevant response A disconfirming response in which one communicator's comments bear no relationship to the previous speaker's ideas.
neutrality A defense-arousing behavior described by Gibb in which the sender expresses indifference toward a receiver.
presenting self The image a person presents to others. It may be identical with or different from the perceived and desired selves.
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problem orientation A supportive style of communication described by Gibb in which the communicators focus on working together to solve their problems instead of trying to impose their own solutions on one another.
provisionalism A supportive style of communication described by Gibb in which a sender expresses open-mindedness to others' ideas and opinions.
sandwich method Embedding an expression of concern between two positive comments.
spiral A reciprocal communication pattern in which messages reinforce one another. See escalatory spiral; de-escalatory spiral.
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spontaneity A supportive communication behavior described by Gibb in which the sender expresses a message without any attempt to manipulate the receiver.
strategy A defense-arousing style of communication described by Gibb in which a sender tries to manipulate or deceive a receiver.
superiority A defense-arousing style of communication described by Gibb in which the sender states or implies that the receiver is not worthy of respect.
tangential response A disconfirming response that uses the speaker's remark as a starting point for a shift to a new topic.
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 AggressivenessVerbal attacks that demean others' self-concepts and inflict psychological pain 
 Ambiguous ResponseA response with more than one meaning, leaving the other person unsure of the responder's position. 
 argumentativenessPresenting and defending positions on issues while attacking positions taken by others,
 certaintyDogmatically stating or implying that one's position is correct and others' ideas are not worth considering. Likely to arouse defensiveness, according to Gibb.
 communication climateThe emotional tone of a relationship between two or more individuals.
 complainingA disagreeing message that directly or indirectly communicates dissatisfaction with another person.
 confirming communicationA message that expresses caring or respect for another person; the person is valued by the speaker.
 controlling communicationAccording to Gibb, messages that attempt to impose some sort of outcome on another person, resulting in a defensive response.
 defensivenessThe attempt to protect a presenting image a person believes is being attacked.
 descriptionMessages that describe a speaker's position without evaluating others.
 disagreeing messagesA message that essentially communicates to another person, 'You are wrong,' and includes argumentativeness, complaining, and aggressiveness.
 disconfirming communicationA message that expresses a lack of caring or respect for another person; the person is not valued by the speaker.
 empathyThe ability to project oneself into another person's point of view in an attempt to experience the other's thoughts and feelings.
 equalityA type of supportive communication described by Gibb, which suggests that the sender regards the receiver with respect
 evaluationA message in which a sender judges a receiver in some way, usually resulting in a defensive response.
 faceThe image an individual wants to project to the world. See presenting self.
 face-threatening actsBehavior by another that is perceived as attacking an individual's presenting image, or face.
 impersonal responseA disconfirming response that is superficial or trite.
 impervious responseA disconfirming response that ignores another person's attempt to communicate.
 incongruous responseA disconfirming response in which two messages, one of which is usually nonverbal, contradict one another.
 interrupting responseA disconfirming response in which one communicator interrupts another.
 irrelevant responseA disconfirming response in which one communicator's comments bear no relationship to the previous speaker's ideas.
 neutralityA defense-arousing behavior described by Gibb in which the sender expresses indifference toward a receiver.
 presenting selfThe image a person presents to others. It may be identical with or different from the perceived and desired selves.
 problem orientationA supportive style of communication described by Gibb in which the communicators focus on working together to solve their problems instead of trying to impose their own solutions on one another.
 provisionalismA supportive style of communication described by Gibb in which a sender expresses open-mindedness to others' ideas and opinions.
 sandwich methodEmbedding an expression of concern between two positive comments.
 spiralA reciprocal communication pattern in which messages reinforce one another. See escalatory spiral; de-escalatory spiral.
 spontaneityA supportive communication behavior described by Gibb in which the sender expresses a message without any attempt to manipulate the receiver.
 strategyA defense-arousing style of communication described by Gibb in which a sender tries to manipulate or deceive a receiver.
 superiorityA defense-arousing style of communication described by Gibb in which the sender states or implies that the receiver is not worthy of respect.
 tangential responseA disconfirming response that uses the speaker's remark as a starting point for a shift to a new topic.
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