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The French Revolution - Flashcards

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Class:HIST 1132 - World Civilization & Soc II
Subject:History
University:Georgia College & State University
Term:Spring 2010
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Estates General France was divided into 3 distinct classes known as the estates
1st Estate made up of all religious people & members of the church.
2nd Estate made up of French nobility. they had the best jobs in the government and were exempt from paying most taxes
3rd Estate made up of everyone else in France, which made up 97% of the population. included the Bourgeoisie & Peasants. they were always outvoted
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tithe a certain percentage of what one earned was automatically given to the church. 10% was the rule if you could afford it.
Corvee unpaid labor to those of a lower social class
Bourgeoisie wealthy middle class of the 3rd estate which included artisisans of all types such as teachers, printers, doctors, lawyers, etc. they desired a higher social status and pushed for freedom and equality of the estates.
Sans-Culottes poorer members of the 3rd estate. made up of the urban, city, and rural working class
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gabelle tax placed on salt that became the most hated tax in France
Land Tax landowners had to pay a tax for their land
Poll Tax a head tax on all members of the family
Excise Tax a tax on wine and leather goods
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Louis XVI King of France who wanted to help the people but did not know where or how to begin. he was head of justice and head of foreign policy.
Marie Antoinette Louis XVI's Austrian wife. hated by the French people
Versailles grand palace in Europe where the French King and his courts lived
Parlements 13 French courts throughout the country. they are obstacles to any social change
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Financial Crisis of 1787 all loans were cut off to the French leaving them with no source of cash or cash flow.
Assembly of Notables Louis XVI picked 144 high ranking individuals to win support to tax the 1st & 2nd estates. Public approval must be given to increase taxation
National Assembly the 3rd estate wanted equality & they changed their name to the national assembly. they demanded that the 1st & 2nd estates join them and they wanted to vote by head count and total percent of each estate (they had the largest population so they would be able to outvote both the 1st & 2nd estate)
Tennis Court Oath (1789) The National Assembly met at the tennis courts next to Versailles in order to pass laws. They pledge that they will never disbain until they write a constitution for the French people. * Louis XVI demands that the 1st & 2nd estates join the 3rd estate
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Invalides Hospital attacked by peasants on a Sunday in July and they took the 30000 riffles that were in the basement for the gun powder.
Bastille a prison in Paris that contained 7 prisoners made up of political leaders. On July 14th, 1789, peasants attacked the prison and blew it up using the gun powder they had gotten from the Hospital. It is symbolic act because this act represented all the tearany in France at the time. July 14th is France's Independence day because of this
The Great Fear the crowd feared that the King was going to take revenge after they blew up Bastille. This wave of panic spreads across the country and peasants begin to attack nobility out of fear.
Declearation of the Rights of Man & The Citizen written and passed by the National Assembly, it ended absolutism. it included the revolutionary ideas of 1. freedom of press 2. freedom of speech 3. freedom of undo arrest 4. trial by jury 5. freedom of religion 6. equality before law 7. equal taxation for all & 8. sacred property rights
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Civil Constitution of the Clergy gave the government the authority to seize church property and church finances. It reduced the amount of Bishops and pratically redrew the map of France.
Constitution of 1791 1. divided france into 83 districts called departments 2. put the governemnt on a local level almost independent of the state 3. public education 4. marriage is now called civil contract 5. all royal titles are abolished 6. King Louis XVI is given the title Louis King of the French who rules by the consesnt of the people 7. created a constitutional monarchy 8. moderates & conservatives are slowly squeezed out of control
Jacobins Radicals who led the French Revolution. They are the only true organized political force in France at the time
Leopold II King of Austria and brother of Marie Antoinette. him and his family try to flee France but they get recognized by the post master. This is a major part of the French Revolution placing both him & Marie Antoinette under guard because they tried to flee
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Legislative Assembly new body of well educated, enlightened individuals which change the name of the National Assembly. radicals take control of this assembly and convince the other members that Austria will take over France. *They declare war over Austria.
Works of the National Assembly 1. equalization of all taxes 2.
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 Estates GeneralFrance was divided into 3 distinct classes known as the estates
 1st Estatemade up of all religious people & members of the church.
 2nd Estatemade up of French nobility. they had the best jobs in the government and were exempt from paying most taxes
 3rd Estatemade up of everyone else in France, which made up 97% of the population. included the Bourgeoisie & Peasants. they were always outvoted
 tithea certain percentage of what one earned was automatically given to the church. 10% was the rule if you could afford it.
 Corveeunpaid labor to those of a lower social class
 Bourgeoisiewealthy middle class of the 3rd estate which included artisisans of all types such as teachers, printers, doctors, lawyers, etc. they desired a higher social status and pushed for freedom and equality of the estates.
 Sans-Culottespoorer members of the 3rd estate. made up of the urban, city, and rural working class
 gabelletax placed on salt that became the most hated tax in France
 Land Taxlandowners had to pay a tax for their land
 Poll Taxa head tax on all members of the family
 Excise Taxa tax on wine and leather goods
 Louis XVIKing of France who wanted to help the people but did not know where or how to begin. he was head of justice and head of foreign policy.
 Marie AntoinetteLouis XVI's Austrian wife. hated by the French people
 Versaillesgrand palace in Europe where the French King and his courts lived
 Parlements 13 French courts throughout the country. they are obstacles to any social change
 Financial Crisis of 1787all loans were cut off to the French leaving them with no source of cash or cash flow.
 Assembly of Notables Louis XVI picked 144 high ranking individuals to win support to tax the 1st & 2nd estates. Public approval must be given to increase taxation
 National Assemblythe 3rd estate wanted equality & they changed their name to the national assembly. they demanded that the 1st & 2nd estates join them and they wanted to vote by head count and total percent of each estate (they had the largest population so they would be able to outvote both the 1st & 2nd estate)
 Tennis Court Oath (1789)The National Assembly met at the tennis courts next to Versailles in order to pass laws. They pledge that they will never disbain until they write a constitution for the French people. * Louis XVI demands that the 1st & 2nd estates join the 3rd estate
 Invalides Hospital attacked by peasants on a Sunday in July and they took the 30000 riffles that were in the basement for the gun powder.
 Bastillea prison in Paris that contained 7 prisoners made up of political leaders. On July 14th, 1789, peasants attacked the prison and blew it up using the gun powder they had gotten from the Hospital. It is symbolic act because this act represented all the tearany in France at the time. July 14th is France's Independence day because of this
 The Great Fearthe crowd feared that the King was going to take revenge after they blew up Bastille. This wave of panic spreads across the country and peasants begin to attack nobility out of fear.
 Declearation of the Rights of Man & The Citizenwritten and passed by the National Assembly, it ended absolutism. it included the revolutionary ideas of 1. freedom of press 2. freedom of speech 3. freedom of undo arrest 4. trial by jury 5. freedom of religion 6. equality before law 7. equal taxation for all & 8. sacred property rights
 Civil Constitution of the Clergygave the government the authority to seize church property and church finances. It reduced the amount of Bishops and pratically redrew the map of France.
 Constitution of 17911. divided france into 83 districts called departments
2. put the governemnt on a local level almost independent of the state
3. public education
4. marriage is now called civil contract
5. all royal titles are abolished
6. King Louis XVI is given the title Louis King of the French who rules by the consesnt of the people
7. created a constitutional monarchy
8. moderates & conservatives are slowly squeezed out of control
 JacobinsRadicals who led the French Revolution. They are the only true organized political force in France at the time
 Leopold IIKing of Austria and brother of Marie Antoinette. him and his family try to flee France but they get recognized by the post master. This is a major part of the French Revolution placing both him & Marie Antoinette under guard because they tried to flee
 Legislative Assemblynew body of well educated, enlightened individuals which change the name of the National Assembly. radicals take control of this assembly and convince the other members that Austria will take over France. *They declare war over Austria.
 Works of the National Assembly1. equalization of all taxes
2.
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