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Universities » University of Louisville (UL) » HUM - Humanities » 151 - HON:CREATIVITY & THE ARTS-.. » Flash Cards

Test 2 - Flashcards

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Class:HUM 151 - HON:CREATIVITY & THE ARTS-A
Subject:Humanities
University:University of Louisville
Term:Spring 2010
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The 3 Ways of Experiencing Sculpture Relief In the Round Environment
Relief Sculpture Any sculpture in which images & forms are attached to a background and project off it & which is meant to be seen primarily from one direction(as opposed to in-the-round) 2 Types:Low Relief & High Relief Bas=Low
Sculpture In the Round As opposed to relief, sculpture that requires no wall support & that can be experienced from all sides.
Virtuasily showing off how skillful you are through your artwork
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Obelisk Ancient grave marker. An obelisk (from Greek - - obeliskos, diminutive of - - obelos, "spit, nail, pointed pillar") is a tall, narrow, four-sided, tapering monument which ends in a pyramid-like shape at the top. (Washington Monument)
Experiencing Sculpture as Environment Sculptural space that is physically entered: either indoor(installation) or outdoors (earthworks)
2 Processes of Sculpture Subtractive Additive
Subtractive (carving) process in which form is discovered by the removal of materials.
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Additive proccess in which form is built up, shaped and enlarged by the adding of materials. Modeling->when using a soft item like clay Assemblage->to assemble things
Casting a method for creating reproductions of a sculpture. Lost-wax(circe-perdue) Investment Sprues
5 Concepts of Architecture Function (Utilities) Aesthetics (Venustas) Technology & Structure (Firmitas) Context Ideology
5 Primary Volumes Sphere Cube Pyramid Cylinder Cone
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Caryatid A caryatid () is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head. Architectural supports but are in the form of figures.
Function (Utility) the fitness of a building for its designated purpose.
Aesthetics (Beauty) the aesthetic choices in a building's design.
Technology & Structure (Firmness) the strength and durability of a buildings construction.
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Context a building's environment,([physical and social/historical)
Ideology the ideas and attitudes that influence a buildings design.
Architecture The organization of form and space that is experienced through movement in space-time, it is built for a given purpose (function) according to a design (aesthetics) that uses a given technology ( firmitas). These choices must be compatible with given geographical & cultural conditions (context).
Pylon A large structure or group of structures making an entrance or approach.
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Battering/Battered Only done in Egypt,it is a slant up word in the structure of Pylons.
2 Families Of Structural Systems Shell Skeleton-and-skin
Shell A structural system for architecture in which one material provides both structural support and the outside covering (the sheathing) of a building.
Load Bearing Construction Aka"Stacking & Piling" the simplest method of making a building. It is constructed by piling layer upon layer starting thick at the bottom & tapering as it rises. The most suitable material is adobe(earth) but also brick and stone can be used.
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Post-and-Lintel Construction The most elementary structural method (after "stacking & piling") based on 2 uprights (posts) supporting a horizontal crosspiece (lintel, or beam) Also called trabeated structure. Stone is the proffered material.
Tensile Strength The ability of a material to hold an amount of pressure weight without morthing or cracking/breaking.
3 Greek Architectural Orders Doric Ionic Coninthan
Doric
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Ionic
Corinthian
Roman (Round) Arch Construction A round arch is constructed from wedge-shaped pieces of stone (called voussoirs) that meet at an angle always perpendicular to the curve of the arch.
Centering the temporary framework used to support an arch during construction until it is self-supporting ( until keystone is set in place)
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Keystone the topmost stone in a round arch. The arch is not stable until the stone is put in place and causes tension.
The Vault A vault is an extended arch usually of masonry or concrete, serving to span a space, usually as a ceiling.
Barrel Vault A tunnel or barrel vault places arches behind one another until the desire depth is reached. Barrel vaults take away light don't let light in.
An Engaged Column Is a column in relief it doesn't support anything just there for design, decorative.
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Groin Vaults A vault created when two arches cross one another at right angles ( The diagonal intersections are called groins)
Dome Construction An architectural structure generally in the shape of a hemisphere, or half globe. Technically a dome is an arch rotated 360 degrees on its axis. It opens up huge spaces.
Oculus On top of the dome in the Pantheon it let light in.
Coffers removes parts of the material on the inside of the dome to make it less heavy they look like squares.
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Drum The vertical base, usually circular or octagonal, on which a dome may rest.
Pendentive A means of effecting the transition from a square in the plan below to a circular base, usually of a dome,above, triangular and curving.
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 The 3 Ways of Experiencing SculptureRelief
In the Round
Environment
 Relief SculptureAny sculpture in which images & forms are attached to a background and project off it & which is meant to be seen primarily from one direction(as opposed to in-the-round)

2 Types:Low Relief & High Relief

Bas=Low
 Sculpture In the RoundAs opposed to relief, sculpture that requires no wall support & that can be experienced from all sides.
 Virtuasilyshowing off how skillful you are through your artwork
 ObeliskAncient grave marker. An obelisk (from Greek - - obeliskos, diminutive of - - obelos, "spit, nail, pointed pillar") is a tall, narrow, four-sided, tapering monument which ends in a pyramid-like shape at the top. (Washington Monument)
 Experiencing Sculpture as EnvironmentSculptural space that is physically entered: either indoor(installation) or outdoors (earthworks)
 2 Processes of SculptureSubtractive
Additive
 Subtractive (carving)process in which form is discovered by the removal of materials.
 Additiveproccess in which form is built up, shaped and enlarged by the adding of materials.

Modeling->when using a soft item like clay
Assemblage->to assemble things
 Castinga method for creating reproductions of a sculpture.

Lost-wax(circe-perdue)
Investment
Sprues
 5 Concepts of ArchitectureFunction (Utilities)
Aesthetics (Venustas)
Technology & Structure (Firmitas)
Context
Ideology
 5 Primary VolumesSphere
Cube
Pyramid
Cylinder
Cone
 CaryatidA caryatid () is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.
Architectural supports but are in the form of figures.
 Function (Utility)the fitness of a building for its designated purpose.
 Aesthetics (Beauty)the aesthetic choices in a building's design.
 Technology & Structure (Firmness)the strength and durability of a buildings construction.
 Contexta building's environment,([physical and social/historical)
 Ideologythe ideas and attitudes that influence a buildings design.
 ArchitectureThe organization of form and space that is experienced through movement in space-time, it is built for a given purpose (function) according to a design (aesthetics) that uses a given technology ( firmitas). These choices must be compatible with given geographical & cultural conditions (context).
 PylonA large structure or group of structures making an entrance or approach.
 Battering/BatteredOnly done in Egypt,it is a slant up word in the structure of Pylons.
 2 Families Of Structural SystemsShell
Skeleton-and-skin
 ShellA structural system for architecture in which one material provides both structural support and the outside covering (the sheathing) of a building.
 Load Bearing Construction Aka"Stacking & Piling" the simplest method of making a building. It is constructed by piling layer upon layer starting thick at the bottom & tapering as it rises. The most suitable material is adobe(earth) but also brick and stone can be used.
 Post-and-Lintel ConstructionThe most elementary structural method (after "stacking & piling") based on 2 uprights (posts) supporting a horizontal crosspiece (lintel, or beam) Also called trabeated structure. Stone is the proffered material.
 Tensile StrengthThe ability of a material to hold an amount of pressure weight without morthing or cracking/breaking.
 3 Greek Architectural OrdersDoric
Ionic
Coninthan
 Doric 
 Ionic 
 Corinthian 
 Roman (Round) Arch ConstructionA round arch is constructed from wedge-shaped pieces of stone (called voussoirs) that meet at an angle always perpendicular to the curve of the arch.
 Centeringthe temporary framework used to support an arch during construction until it is self-supporting ( until keystone is set in place)
 Keystonethe topmost stone in a round arch. The arch is not stable until the stone is put in place and causes tension.
 The VaultA vault is an extended arch usually of masonry or concrete, serving to span a space, usually as a ceiling.
 Barrel VaultA tunnel or barrel vault places arches behind one another until the desire depth is reached. Barrel vaults take away light don't let light in.
 An Engaged ColumnIs a column in relief it doesn't support anything just there for design, decorative.
 Groin VaultsA vault created when two arches cross one another at right angles ( The diagonal intersections are called groins)
 Dome ConstructionAn architectural structure generally in the shape of a hemisphere, or half globe. Technically a dome is an arch rotated 360 degrees on its axis. It opens up huge spaces.
 OculusOn top of the dome in the Pantheon it let light in.
 Coffersremoves parts of the material on the inside of the dome to make it less heavy they look like squares.
 DrumThe vertical base, usually circular or octagonal, on which a dome may rest.
 PendentiveA means of effecting the transition from a square in the plan below to a circular base, usually of a dome,above, triangular and curving.
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