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Universities » University of Connecticut (UConn.. » PSYC - Psychology » 1100 - General Psychology I » Flash Cards

Exam 1 Chap 1,2,4 - Flashcards

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Class:PSYC 1100 - General Psychology I
Subject:Psychology
University:University of Connecticut
Term:Fall 2011
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edification Improvement of an experiment
independent inquiry learning for your own benefit
make up exam policy none
how do you email professor Chrobak? HuskyCT
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what happens if you email him at uconn.edu? will not reply
what happens if you miss the first exam? no excuses, final counts as double
epistemology studies nature, validity, methods, limits of human knowledge
localization of function different parts have different jobs
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prosopagnosia Prosopagnosia is a disorder of face perception where the ability to recognize faces is impaired, while the ability to recognize other objects may be relatively intact.
Fusiform face area (FFA) part of human system specialized for facial recognition 
what is the difference between the social groups of chimps, gorillas or humans? great number of facial expressions
what is functional magnetic resonance imaging? (fMRI) a modification of the MRI procedure that permits the measurement of regional metabolism in the brain
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psychoactive drug A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts primarily upon the central nervous system where it affects brain function, resulting in changes in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior.
clinical Neuropsychologist Clinical neuropsychology is a sub-field of psychology concerned with the cognitive function of individuals with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Nervous system disorders. Have a PhD
psychiatrist has an (MD) 
treats medical disorders, can prescribe medication
science literacy awareness of a person has for scientific facts
Generated by Koofers.com
peer review having others critique your work
between subject design/within-subjects design subjects used only once 
subjects are used more than once or matched
confounding variables In statistics, a confounding variable is an extraneous variable in a statistical model that correlates (positively or negatively) with both the dependent variable and the independent variable.
ritalin/concentra/ADHD central nervous system stimulent
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NIH/NSF National Institute Health
National Student Foundation; science literacy
FDA
DEA The Drug Enforcement Administration is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Justice, tasked with combating drug smuggling and use within the United States.
Neurological disorders
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psychiatric disorders
autism Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior.
DSM4
seroquel Quetiapine (branded as Seroquel, Ketipinor), is an atypical antipsychotic approved for the treatment of schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
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cognitive psychologist Cognitive psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes.
educational psychologist An educational psychologist is a psychologist with a Master-s degree in Educational psychology whose differentiating functions are diagnostic and psycho-educational assessment, psychological counseling in educational communities, community-type psycho-educational intervention, and mediation, coordination, and referral to other professionals, at all levels of the educational system.
social psychologist
developmental psychologist
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casual events an event that causes another event
physiological psychology Physiological psychology is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments.
comparative psychology
behavioral genetics Behavioural genetics is the field of study that examines the role of genetics in animal behaviour.
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cognitive psychology  a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes.
cognitive neuroscience  study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes.
developmental psychology  is the scientific study of systematic psychological changes, emotional changes, and perception changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life span.
social psychology  the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.
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evolutionary psychology an approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological traits such as memory, perception, and language from a modern evolutionary perspective.
clinical psychology an integration of science, theory and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.
organizational psychology  the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and organizations.
Rene Descartes all knowledge is obtained through reason
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John Locke knowledge is obtained through experience and observation
materialism In philosophy, the theory of materialism holds that the only thing that exists is matter; that all things are composed of material and all phenomena are the result of material interactions.
Paul Broca discovered there is a certain area of the brain for speech production
John Dewey education must match the way children's abilities developed
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Maria Montessori children matured through stages: education best when it is provided exercise that matched the competency of the child at that stage
introspection Introspection is the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations.
charles darwin natural selection of inheritable traits
scientists could understand behavior by it role in the adaptation of an organism to its environment
behaviorism (John B. Watson) study of the relation between people's environments and their behavior, without appeal to hypothetical events occurring within their heads
Generated by Koofers.com
cognitive psychology and information processing explain the workings of the brain; information received through the senses is processed by systems of neurons in the brain
Donald Hebb the nervous system organized itself into special (circuits) that could represent mental activity
Naturalistic observation Naturalistic observation is a research tool in which a subject is observed in their natural habitat without any manipulation by the observers.
clinical observation observation of the behavior of people/animals while they are under going diagnosis or treatment
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correlational studies the examination of relations between 2 or more measurements of behavior or other characteristics of people or other animals
theory a set of statements designed to explain a set of phenomena
hypothesis A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
case studies A case study is an intensive analysis of an individual unit stressing developmental factors in relation to context.
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survey a study of people's responses to standardized questions
variable anything capable of assuming any of several values
manipulation setting the values of an independent variable in an experiment to see whether the value of another variable is affected
independent variable the variable that is manipulated
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dependent variable variable that gets measures to see if there was an affect due to the IV
experimental group An experiment is a methodical procedure carried out with the goal of verifying, falsifying, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis.
control group a comparison group
operational definition definition of a variable in terms of the operations the researcher performs to measure or manipulate it
Generated by Koofers.com
validity the degree to which the operational definition of a variable accurately reflects the variable it is designed to measure or manipulate
response bias responding to a questionnaire in a way that isn't genuine of honest but in some other irrelevant way
reliability the repeatability  of a measurement
placebo A placebo is a or simulated medical intervention.
Generated by Koofers.com
single blind study researchers know value of IV but participants dont
double blind study neither know that value of the IV
replication repetition of an experiment to see if previous results will appear again
sample as compared to larger population elements representative of of larger population

(ex) group selected to participate in an experiment
Generated by Koofers.com
generalize to extend the results that were obtained from a sample to the population from which the sample was taken
descriptive statistics
measurement of central tendencies used to characterize the value of items in a sample of numbers
measure of variability describes the degree to which scores in a set of numbers differ from on another
Generated by Koofers.com
scatterplot and correlation coefficient graph of items that have 2 values
a measurement of the degree to which 2 variables are related
inferential statistics used to determine whether relations or differences between samples are significant
statistical significance
frontal lobe front part of cerebral cortex, damage impairs movement, planning and flexibility in behavioral strategies
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parietal lobe behing frontal and above temporal; memory, perception
occipital lobe
temporal lobe The temporal lobe is a region of the cerebral cortex that is located beneath the Sylvian fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain. auditory
primary visual cortex
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primary auditory cortex The primary auditory cortex is the region of the brain that is responsible for the processing of auditory information.
primary somatosensory cortex The lateral postcentral gyrus is a prominent structure in the parietal lobe of the human brain and an important landmark.
primary motor cortex The primary motor cortex (or M1) is a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe.
associational cortex regions of cerebral cortex that receive information from primary sensory areas
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prefrontal cortex The prefrontal cortex is the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas.
contains motor cortex
thalamus The thalamus is a midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans.
sensory info sent here then to cerebral cortex
corpus callosum large bundle of axons connecting cortex to hemispheres
cerebellum sense of control and balance
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amygdala deep in temporal lobe
damage can change you emotionally 
hippocampus temporal lobe
memory
hypothalamus controls automatic nervous system and behaviors related to regulation
pituitary gland endocrine gland attached to hypothalamus
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pons and medulla regulate breathing and heart rate
endocrine glands secretes a hormone
hormones A hormone is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism.
autonomic nervous system controls functions of glands and internal organs
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central nervous system brain and spinal cord
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List View: Terms & Definitions

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 edificationImprovement of an experiment
 independent inquirylearning for your own benefit
 make up exam policynone
 how do you email professor Chrobak?HuskyCT
 what happens if you email him at uconn.edu?will not reply
 what happens if you miss the first exam?no excuses, final counts as double
 epistemologystudies nature, validity, methods, limits of human knowledge
 localization of functiondifferent parts have different jobs
 prosopagnosiaProsopagnosia is a disorder of face perception where the ability to recognize faces is impaired, while the ability to recognize other objects may be relatively intact.
 Fusiform face area (FFA)part of human system specialized for facial recognition 
 what is the difference between the social groups of chimps, gorillas or humans?great number of facial expressions
 what is functional magnetic resonance imaging? (fMRI)a modification of the MRI procedure that permits the measurement of regional metabolism in the brain
 psychoactive drugA psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts primarily upon the central nervous system where it affects brain function, resulting in changes in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior.
 clinical NeuropsychologistClinical neuropsychology is a sub-field of psychology concerned with the cognitive function of individuals with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Nervous system disorders. Have a PhD
 psychiatristhas an (MD) 
treats medical disorders, can prescribe medication
 science literacyawareness of a person has for scientific facts
 peer reviewhaving others critique your work
 between subject design/within-subjects designsubjects used only once 
subjects are used more than once or matched
 confounding variablesIn statistics, a confounding variable is an extraneous variable in a statistical model that correlates (positively or negatively) with both the dependent variable and the independent variable.
 ritalin/concentra/ADHDcentral nervous system stimulent
 NIH/NSFNational Institute Health
National Student Foundation; science literacy
 FDA
 DEAThe Drug Enforcement Administration is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Justice, tasked with combating drug smuggling and use within the United States.
 Neurological disorders
 psychiatric disorders
 autismAutism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior.
 DSM4
 seroquelQuetiapine (branded as Seroquel, Ketipinor), is an atypical antipsychotic approved for the treatment of schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
 cognitive psychologistCognitive psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes.
 educational psychologistAn educational psychologist is a psychologist with a Master-s degree in Educational psychology whose differentiating functions are diagnostic and psycho-educational assessment, psychological counseling in educational communities, community-type psycho-educational intervention, and mediation, coordination, and referral to other professionals, at all levels of the educational system.
 social psychologist
 developmental psychologist
 casual eventsan event that causes another event
 physiological psychologyPhysiological psychology is a subdivision of behavioral neuroscience that studies the neural mechanisms of perception and behavior through direct manipulation of the brains of nonhuman animal subjects in controlled experiments.
 comparative psychology
 behavioral geneticsBehavioural genetics is the field of study that examines the role of genetics in animal behaviour.
 cognitive psychology a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes.
 cognitive neuroscience study of biological substrates underlying cognition, with a specific focus on the neural substrates of mental processes.
 developmental psychology is the scientific study of systematic psychological changes, emotional changes, and perception changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life span.
 social psychology the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.
 evolutionary psychologyan approach in the social and natural sciences that examines psychological traits such as memory, perception, and language from a modern evolutionary perspective.
 clinical psychologyan integration of science, theory and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.
 organizational psychology the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and organizations.
 Rene Descartesall knowledge is obtained through reason
 John Lockeknowledge is obtained through experience and observation
 materialismIn philosophy, the theory of materialism holds that the only thing that exists is matter; that all things are composed of material and all phenomena are the result of material interactions.
 Paul Brocadiscovered there is a certain area of the brain for speech production
 John Deweyeducation must match the way children's abilities developed
 Maria Montessorichildren matured through stages: education best when it is provided exercise that matched the competency of the child at that stage
 introspectionIntrospection is the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations.
 charles darwinnatural selection of inheritable traits
scientists could understand behavior by it role in the adaptation of an organism to its environment
 behaviorism (John B. Watson)study of the relation between people's environments and their behavior, without appeal to hypothetical events occurring within their heads
 cognitive psychology and information processingexplain the workings of the brain; information received through the senses is processed by systems of neurons in the brain
 Donald Hebbthe nervous system organized itself into special (circuits) that could represent mental activity
 Naturalistic observationNaturalistic observation is a research tool in which a subject is observed in their natural habitat without any manipulation by the observers.
 clinical observationobservation of the behavior of people/animals while they are under going diagnosis or treatment
 correlational studiesthe examination of relations between 2 or more measurements of behavior or other characteristics of people or other animals
 theorya set of statements designed to explain a set of phenomena
 hypothesisA hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon.
 case studiesA case study is an intensive analysis of an individual unit stressing developmental factors in relation to context.
 surveya study of people's responses to standardized questions
 variableanything capable of assuming any of several values
 manipulationsetting the values of an independent variable in an experiment to see whether the value of another variable is affected
 independent variablethe variable that is manipulated
 dependent variablevariable that gets measures to see if there was an affect due to the IV
 experimental groupAn experiment is a methodical procedure carried out with the goal of verifying, falsifying, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis.
 control groupa comparison group
 operational definitiondefinition of a variable in terms of the operations the researcher performs to measure or manipulate it
 validitythe degree to which the operational definition of a variable accurately reflects the variable it is designed to measure or manipulate
 response biasresponding to a questionnaire in a way that isn't genuine of honest but in some other irrelevant way
 reliabilitythe repeatability  of a measurement
 placeboA placebo is a or simulated medical intervention.
 single blind studyresearchers know value of IV but participants dont
 double blind studyneither know that value of the IV
 replicationrepetition of an experiment to see if previous results will appear again
 sample as compared to larger populationelements representative of of larger population

(ex) group selected to participate in an experiment
 generalizeto extend the results that were obtained from a sample to the population from which the sample was taken
 descriptive statistics
 measurement of central tendenciesused to characterize the value of items in a sample of numbers
 measure of variabilitydescribes the degree to which scores in a set of numbers differ from on another
 scatterplot and correlation coefficientgraph of items that have 2 values
a measurement of the degree to which 2 variables are related
 inferential statisticsused to determine whether relations or differences between samples are significant
 statistical significance
 frontal lobefront part of cerebral cortex, damage impairs movement, planning and flexibility in behavioral strategies
 parietal lobebehing frontal and above temporal; memory, perception
 occipital lobe
 temporal lobeThe temporal lobe is a region of the cerebral cortex that is located beneath the Sylvian fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain. auditory
 primary visual cortex
 primary auditory cortexThe primary auditory cortex is the region of the brain that is responsible for the processing of auditory information.
 primary somatosensory cortexThe lateral postcentral gyrus is a prominent structure in the parietal lobe of the human brain and an important landmark.
 primary motor cortexThe primary motor cortex (or M1) is a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe.
 associational cortexregions of cerebral cortex that receive information from primary sensory areas
 prefrontal cortexThe prefrontal cortex is the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas.
contains motor cortex
 thalamusThe thalamus is a midline paired symmetrical structure within the brains of vertebrates, including humans.
sensory info sent here then to cerebral cortex
 corpus callosumlarge bundle of axons connecting cortex to hemispheres
 cerebellumsense of control and balance
 amygdaladeep in temporal lobe
damage can change you emotionally 
 hippocampustemporal lobe
memory
 hypothalamuscontrols automatic nervous system and behaviors related to regulation
 pituitary glandendocrine gland attached to hypothalamus
 pons and medullaregulate breathing and heart rate
 endocrine glandssecretes a hormone
 hormonesA hormone is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism.
 autonomic nervous systemcontrols functions of glands and internal organs
 central nervous systembrain and spinal cord
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