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Final Review - Flashcards
Flashcard Deck Information
| Class: | SPN 312L - SECOND-YEAR SPANISH II |
| Subject: | Spanish |
| University: | University of Texas - Austin |
| Term: | Spring 2010 |
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|
acontecimiento
|
event |
|
ballena
|
whale |
|
beneficio
|
benefit |
|
calentamiento global
|
global warming |
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|
capa de ozono
|
ozone layer |
|
deforestacion
|
deforestation |
|
el/la indigena
|
native |
|
el maltrato
|
maltreatment |
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|
el monte
|
woodland |
|
la multa
|
fine |
|
el paisaje
|
scenery |
|
el respeto
|
respect |
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|
gratuitamente
|
unwarranted |
|
contaminar
|
to contaminate |
|
cuidar
|
to care for |
|
desaparecer
|
to disappear |
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|
funcionar
|
to function |
|
habitar
|
to reside |
|
prohibir
|
to prohibit |
|
reciclar
|
to recycle |
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|
regalar
|
to make a present of |
|
respetar
|
to respect |
|
suceder
|
to happen |
|
ambiental
|
environmental |
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|
contaminante
|
contaminating |
|
ecologico/a
|
ecological |
|
habitacional
|
liveable |
|
hibrido/a
|
hybrid |
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|
urbano/a
|
urban |
|
la campana
|
campaign |
|
el/la consumidor/a
|
consumer |
|
el contenedor
|
container |
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|
la empresa
|
company |
|
el/la fabricante
|
maker |
|
la frontera
|
border |
|
el mercado
|
market |
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|
la necesidad
|
need |
|
la publicidad
|
publicity |
|
el recurso
|
resource |
|
la tecnica
|
technique |
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|
el tratado
|
treaty |
|
adecuar
|
to accomodate |
|
colocar
|
to place |
|
depender (de)
|
to depend (on) |
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|
eliminar
|
to eliminate |
|
implementar
|
to implement |
|
lograr
|
to achieve |
|
vender
|
to sell |
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|
comercial
|
commercial |
|
empresarial
|
business |
|
establecido/a
|
established |
|
el/la abogado/a
|
lawyer |
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el/la alcalde/sa
|
mayor |
|
el ayuntamiento
|
city hall |
|
el/la cuidadano/a
|
citizen |
|
el derecho
|
right |
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|
la fuente
|
source |
|
la justicia
|
justice |
|
la ley
|
law |
|
la manifestacion
|
protest |
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|
el manifesto
|
manifest |
|
el porcentaje
|
percentage |
|
la promesa
|
promise |
|
afirmar
|
to state |
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|
cumplir
|
to fulfill |
|
desarrollarse
|
to develop |
|
detener
|
to stop |
|
divertir
|
to entertain |
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|
entristecer
|
to sadden |
|
exigir
|
to demand |
|
explotar
|
to explode |
|
malinterpretar
|
to misinterpret |
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|
suprimir
|
to suppress |
|
tomar conciencia
|
to become aware |
|
allegado/a
|
close |
|
civico/a
|
civic |
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entrevistado/a
|
interviewed |
|
firmado/a
|
signed |
|
juridico/a
|
legal |
|
perjudicial
|
damaging |
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|
previsto/a
|
foreseen |
|
respetuoso/a
|
respectful |
|
aunque
|
although |
|
no solo...sino
|
not only...but |
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|
por otra parte
|
on the other hand |
|
por todo ello
|
because of it all |
|
por una parte
|
on one hand |
|
por ultimo
|
lastly |
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|
possible situation
|
si + present + present/future |
|
less possible
|
si + past subjunctive + conditional |
|
impossible
|
si + pluscuamperfecto + conditional perfect |
|
future conjugation endings
|
é ás infinitive + á emos án |
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|
conditional conjugation endings
|
ía ías infinitive + ía íamos ían |
|
past subjunctive conjugation endings
|
a as 3rd person plural (ellos) + a amos (accent on vowel before) an |
|
conditional perfect conjugation endings
|
habría habrías habría + ADO/IDO habríamos habrían |
|
pluscuamperfecto subjuntivo
conjugacion
|
hubiera hubieras hubiera + ADO/IDO hubiéramos hubieran |
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|
quien
|
follows a preposition or a comma |
|
que
|
no preposition |
|
el/la/los/las que
|
follows a preposition |
|
lo que
|
the thing that that which |
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|
para el/la que
|
for whom I... |
|
a el/la que
|
to whom I... |
|
irregular future/conditional verbs
|
caber - cabr poder - podr poner - pondr querer - querr decir - dir tener - tendr haber - habr valer - valdr salir - saldr venir - vendr hacer - har saber - sabr |
|
irregular past
|
poner - puse poder - pude saber - supe querer - quise hacer - hice/hizo venir - vine decir/traer - dije/traje ir/ser - fue tener/estar/andar - tuve/estuve/anduve dar - di |
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|
past conjugation endings
|
AR ER/IR é í aste iste ó ió amos imos aron ieron |
|
present perfect conjugation
|
he has ha + ADO/IDO hemos han |
|
irregular participles
|
abrir - abierto escribir - escrito cubrir - cubierto ver - visto descubrir - descubierto romper - roto morir - muerto decir - dicho poner - puesto hacer - hecho resolver - resuelto volver - vuelto |
|
la barbilla
|
chin |
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|
la ceja
|
eyebrow |
|
las facciones
|
features |
|
la frente
|
forehead |
|
la morfopsicologia
|
morphopsychology |
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|
la mandibula
|
jaw |
|
el pecho
|
chest |
|
el pomulo
|
cheekbone |
|
el rostro
|
face |
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|
el/la triunfador/a
|
victor |
|
la voluntad
|
willpower |
|
delatar
|
to betray |
|
desenvolverse
|
to interact |
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|
disfrutar
|
to enjoy |
|
enrojecerse
|
to blush |
|
paracer
|
to seem |
|
soportar
|
to bear |
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|
abombado
|
convex |
|
afectivo
|
affective |
|
alargado
|
enlongated |
|
almendrado
|
almond-shaped |
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|
amplio
|
ample |
|
ancho
|
wide |
|
calvo
|
bald |
|
canoso
|
gray-haired |
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|
celoso
|
jealous |
|
carnoso
|
fleshy |
|
comodon
|
lazy |
|
cuadrado
|
square |
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|
curvado
|
curved |
|
debil
|
weak |
|
despejado
|
open |
|
emprendedor
|
enterprising |
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|
hundido
|
sunken |
|
indolente
|
laid-back |
|
infatigable
|
tireless |
|
ingenuo
|
naive |
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|
marcado
|
marked |
|
moreno
|
dark |
|
palido
|
pale |
|
poblado
|
think |
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|
prominente
|
prominent |
|
proximo
|
near, next |
|
puntiguado
|
pointed |
|
recto
|
straight |
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|
redondeado
|
rounded |
|
retraido
|
thin |
|
rizado
|
curly |
|
rosado
|
rosy |
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|
salton
|
bulging (eyes) |
|
separado
|
wide-set |
|
sincero
|
sincere |
|
solitario
|
solitary |
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|
tenaz
|
tenacious |
|
torpe
|
clumsy |
|
despierto
|
awake/alert |
|
exigente
|
demanding |
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|
interesado
|
interested, selfish |
|
listo
|
ready, clever |
|
orgulloso
|
proud |
|
vivo
|
alive, astute |
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|
xenofobo
|
xenophobic |
|
la cercania
|
proximity |
|
las costumbres
|
customs |
|
la creencia
|
belief |
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|
la vision (limitada)
|
perspective (limited) |
|
el Kalimocho
|
wine with coke |
|
deprimir
|
to depress |
|
derribar
|
to tear down |
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|
madurar
|
to mature |
|
prejuzgar
|
prejudge |
|
promover
|
promote |
|
el bisturi
|
scalpel |
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|
la cirugia
|
surgery |
|
la dictadura
|
dictatorship |
|
la farandula
|
show biz |
|
el milagro
|
miracle |
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|
el rasgo
|
trait |
|
el/la seguidor/a
|
follower |
|
el tejido
|
tissue |
|
estetico
|
aesthetic |
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|
fisico
|
physical |
|
patente
|
evident |
|
animar
|
encourage |
|
convertirse en
|
un cambio que tiene que ver con magia o transformacion |
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Koofers.com
|
corregirse
|
correct |
|
destacar
|
to emphasize |
|
hacerse
|
un cambio que esta relacionado con la edad, la ideologia, o la profesion |
|
llegar a ser
|
un cambio que se consigue despues de mucho trabajo y esfuerza |
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|
mejorar
|
to improve |
|
ponerse
|
un cambio que esta relacionado con el aspecto fisico o el estado de animo de una persona; se us con adjetivo(s) temporary/traits |
|
prevenir
|
to prevent |
|
quedarse
|
un cambio que expresa una privacion de algo que antes se tenia without something |
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|
rellenar
|
to fill |
|
retirar
|
to remove |
|
volverse
|
un cambio en la personalidad o en la actitud de una persona, casi siempre duradero in the long run |
|
actualmente
|
currently |
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Koofers.com
|
discrepar
|
to disagree |
|
estoy totalmente en contra
|
i'm completely against |
|
no digo que
|
i'm not saying that |
|
estoy de acuerdo
|
i agree |
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Koofers.com
|
inerrumpo un segundo para
|
allow me to interrupt |
|
no lo tengo muy clara
|
i'm not real sure |
|
el alfiler
|
straight pin |
|
la alimentacion
|
wood |
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|
el arma
|
weapon |
|
el asombro
|
astonishment |
|
la barca
|
boat |
|
el/la cautivo/a
|
captive |
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|
la cola
|
tail |
|
la canaria
|
native of the Canary Islands |
|
el gusanillo
|
worm |
|
la herida
|
injury |
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|
la lengua
|
language |
|
la maquina
|
machine |
|
el natural
|
native |
|
el piojo
|
lice |
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|
el poblado
|
settlement |
|
la senal
|
sign |
|
el siervo
|
servant |
|
la tierra firme
|
land |
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|
agotarse
|
to run out of |
|
aproximarse
|
to draw near |
|
bastar
|
to suffice |
|
bautizar
|
to baptize |
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Koofers.com
|
concluir
|
to conclude |
|
convertirse a
|
to convert |
|
deducir
|
to deduce |
|
desarraigar
|
to root out |
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Koofers.com
|
derrotar
|
to defeat |
|
desembarcar
|
to disembark |
|
ejercer
|
to practive |
|
ganar la costa
|
reach land |
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Koofers.com
|
rogar
|
to beg |
|
tomar la plaza
|
to take the stronghold |
|
transcurrir
|
to pass |
|
el acceso
|
access |
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Koofers.com
|
la cobertura
|
coverage |
|
el cambio
|
change |
|
el costo
|
cost |
|
el derecho
|
right |
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Koofers.com
|
el foco
|
focus |
|
las fuerzas armadas
|
armed forces |
|
el gobierno
|
government |
|
el hecho
|
fact |
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Koofers.com
|
el logro
|
accomplishment |
|
el medico
|
doctor |
|
el perjuicio
|
prejudice |
|
el por ciento
|
percentage |
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Koofers.com
|
la salud
|
health |
|
el seguro
|
insurance |
|
el sufragio
|
suffrage |
|
abolir
|
abolish |
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|
autorizar
|
authorize |
|
cubrirse
|
to be protected |
|
debilitarse
|
to become weak |
|
desmantelar
|
to dismantle |
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Koofers.com
|
disminuir
|
to diminish |
|
estar obligado a
|
to be forced |
|
firmar
|
to sign |
|
implementar
|
to implement |
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Koofers.com
|
quedarse en
|
to remain |
|
reconocer
|
recognize |
|
servir como
|
to serve as |
|
tomar posesion
|
to claim |
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|
elegido
|
elected |
|
interino
|
interim |
|
igualatorio
|
equal |
|
minoritario
|
minority |
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|
restringido
|
restricted |
|
el combate
|
battle |
|
la comunidad
|
community |
|
la danza
|
dance |
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|
el dato
|
data |
|
el encuentro
|
encounter |
|
el enfrentamiento
|
confrontation |
|
el espectaculo
|
show, spectacle |
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Koofers.com
|
el estado
|
state |
|
la fiesta
|
festivity |
|
el/la indigena
|
native |
|
la lucha
|
struggle |
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|
la mascara
|
mask |
|
el moro
|
Moor |
|
la obra
|
work |
|
el/la personaje
|
character |
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|
el turco
|
Turk |
|
aparecer
|
to appear |
|
conviver
|
coexist |
|
enfocarse en
|
focus on |
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|
faltar
|
to emphasize |
|
interesarse por
|
to be interested in |
|
montar
|
to stage |
|
originar
|
to originate |
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Koofers.com
|
representar
|
to represent |
|
saber seguro
|
to know for sure |
|
suponer
|
to suppose |
|
conocido
|
known |
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|
llamativo
|
impressive |
|
a bordo
|
on board |
|
a causa de
|
owing to |
|
a medida que
|
as |
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|
a nado
|
by swimming |
|
a poco mas de
|
a little over |
|
como consecuencia de
|
owing to |
|
debido a
|
owing to |
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|
en todo momento
|
always |
|
en vias de desarollo
|
developing |
|
por consiguente
|
consequently |
|
tanto...como
|
both...as well as |
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|
ya que
|
owing to |
|
el ambiente
|
ambiance |
|
el apuro
|
hardship |
|
el capricho
|
whim |
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Koofers.com
|
el consumo
|
consumption |
|
el crecemiento
|
growth |
|
la cuenta bancaria
|
bank account |
|
la empresa
|
company |
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|
el encuestado
|
person surveyed |
|
el entorno
|
surrounding |
|
el estado animico
|
morale |
|
el lujo
|
luxury |
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Koofers.com
|
la percepcion
|
perception |
|
el promedio
|
average |
|
el quebradero de cabeza
|
headache |
|
el valor
|
value |
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|
anteponer
|
to giver preference |
|
apreciar
|
to appreciate |
|
asegurar
|
to assure |
|
dar valor
|
to value |
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Koofers.com
|
restaurar
|
to restore |
|
sobresalir
|
stand out |
|
valorar
|
to value |
|
desfavorecido
|
disadvantaged |
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Koofers.com
|
estable
|
stable |
|
generacional
|
related to generations |
|
laboral
|
related to work |
|
primordial
|
essential |
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|
valorado
|
valued |
|
los alrededores
|
surrounding area |
|
la aventura
|
adventure |
|
el clima
|
climate |
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Koofers.com
|
el comportamiento
|
behavior |
|
el destino
|
destination |
|
el entretenimiento
|
entertainment |
|
la excursion
|
excursion |
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|
el extranjero
|
foreigner |
|
la gastronomia
|
gastronomy |
|
el habitante
|
inhabitant, resident |
|
la mezcla
|
mix |
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|
la muestra
|
sample, sign |
|
la prenda
|
garment |
|
la red
|
network |
|
alcanzar
|
reach |
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|
celebrar
|
to take place |
|
comportarse
|
to behave |
|
elaborar
|
to make |
|
evitar
|
to avoid |
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|
fundar
|
to found |
|
negociar
|
negotiate |
|
provenir
|
to come from |
|
situar
|
to be located |
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|
sobrevivir
|
survive |
|
antiguo
|
old |
|
calido
|
hot |
|
emocionante
|
exciting |
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Koofers.com
|
medio
|
average |
|
poblado
|
populated |
|
situado
|
located |
|
tursitico
|
related to tourists |
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Koofers.com
|
la aceptacion
|
acceptance |
|
la afinidad
|
affinity, connection |
|
el codigo
|
code |
|
la cosmovision
|
world view |
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Koofers.com
|
la empatia
|
empathy |
|
el gesto
|
gesture |
|
la interaccion
|
interaction |
|
el malentendido
|
misunderstanding |
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|
el sentimiento
|
feeling |
|
el ser humano
|
human being |
|
comun
|
common, mutual |
|
dispuesto
|
ready, willing |
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|
diverso
|
diverse |
|
incomodo
|
uncomfortable |
|
interpersonal
|
interpersonal |
|
mutuo
|
mutual |
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|
ofensivo
|
offensive |
|
propio
|
of one's own |
|
verbal
|
verbal |
|
acercarse
|
to approach, get clost |
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|
adaptarse
|
to adapt |
|
conpartir
|
share |
|
demostrar
|
demonstrate |
|
enfrentarse
|
to confront, face |
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|
fijarse
|
pay attention |
|
insertarse
|
to become part of |
|
recalcar
|
to stress, emphasize |
|
respetar
|
to respect |
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|
a traves de
|
through |
|
darse a respetar
|
to garner respect |
|
es de esperar
|
it's to be expected |
|
formar parte (de)
|
to be a part of |
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|
ponerse alerta
|
to be on alert |
|
present subjunctive conjugation
|
start with yo drop the -o ending add for AR: e, es, e, emos, en add for ER: a, as, a, amos, an |
|
past perfect conjugation
|
había habías había habíamos habían |
|
imperfect conjugation
|
AR: aba, abas, aba, abamos, aban ER: ía, ías, ía, íamos, ían |
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|
when to use preterit
|
single events occurring during a specific period of time repetitive actions chain of events state the beginning or end of an action/event |
|
when to use imperfect
|
background info telling time stating one's age actions that are not seen as completed |
|
ser vs estar
|
estar - condition/HOW something or someone is/location/things taking place right now/temporary states ser - essential characteristic/WHAT someone or something is/ events/professions/posession/permanent traits/nationality/tel |
|
verb changes after dijo que
|
present --> imperfect preterite --> pluperfect (habia visto) command --> past subjunctive imperfect --> imperfect |
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|
soler
|
to be used to |
|
comprabar
|
to check |
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