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Universities » Ulster County Community College .. » VTS - Veterinary Technology Scie.. » 254 - Veterinary Radiography » Flash Cards

Chapter 21 - Flashcards

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Class:VTS 254 - Veterinary Radiography
Subject:Veterinary Technology Sciences
University:Ulster County Community College
Term:Fall 2011
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Acoustic Impedance Relationship between density or stiffness of tissue and the velocity of sound within the tissue. Differences in acoustic impedance of adjacent tissues determine the intensity of reflected sound. 
Acoustic shadow Ultrasound artifact. Echo-free zone created distal to the imaged organ when sound waves hit a highly reflective tissue that prevents sound from being transmitted to greater depths. 
Anechoic No echoes are detected, and the area is black. Typically associated with fluid-filled structures such as the urinary bladder. 
Attenuation Reduced intensity of radiation caused by absorption or scattering, or both, during passage through tissue. Sound is also attenuated as it passes through tissue and the intensity is reduced.
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B-Mode (Brightness-mode) Ultrasonography Intensity of returning echoes is expressed as brightness in the display.
Computed Tomography (CT) number Number converted to gray scale in the final image, which represents the attenuation of the x-ray beam in tissue within a voxel. The number is also referred to as a Hounsfield Number.
Curie A unit of radioactivity, (disintegration's per second) 
Distant Enhancement Ultrasound artifact. Increased sound intensity  beyond a fluid-filled, anechoic area, created by absence of attenuation of the sound beam as it passes through the fluid. 
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Doppler Shift The difference between transmitted and received sound frequencies. The greater the Doppler Shift, the greater the flow velocity.  
Echogenicity Intensity of reflected echoes.
Half-Life Time in which the initial activity of of a radionuclide  is reduced to one half. Biologic half-life includes excretion, as well as the characteristic half-life of the isotope. 
Hyperechoic Echoes produced are brighter than in surrounding tissue.
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Hypoechoic A few echoes are detected, and the area is low-level gray compared with adjacent  tissues. Usually seen with solid homogeneous tissues or complex fluid containing cells such as blood. 
Labeled compound A compound whose molecule is tagged with a radionuclide. 
Linear Array Probe Ultrasound probe containing multiple in-line transducers that create a rectangular-shaped image. 
Long-axis view Echocardiographic image showing the heart from base to apex in a longitudinal or sagittal plane.
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M-mode (motion-mode) Ultrasonography Information is displayed as depth versus time on a graph. Used for echocardiography. 
Pixels (Picture elements) Tiny squares representing the image matrix
Radiopharmaceutical A radoactive drug that can be administered for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. 
Sector Probe Ultrasound probe with multiple rotating or oscillating transducers that produce a wedge shaped image. 
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Short-axis view Echocardiographic image showing the heart in transverse plane
Target Organ The organ intended to be imaged and expected to receive the greatest concentration of administered radioactivity.
Voxel (Volume Element) Three-dimensional box represented on an image matrix by the two-dimensional pixel
On an ultrasonographic view of the liver which vein has more echogenic walls, the hepatic vein or portal veins? Portal Veins
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The ____ is less echogenic than the spleen but more echogenic than the renal cortex. Liver
Which imaging technology can provide physiological information about the function of specific organs and is a complementary imaging mode? Nuclear Scintigraphy
What is the most common indication for a bone scan? Lameness that cannot be localized by physical examination. 
What commonly causes acoustic shadowing? Bone
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True or False Anechoic tissues reflects more echoes than Hyperechoic tissues False
What method of cardiac imaging evaluates the cardiac wall and valvular movement in real time? M-Mode Ultrasonography
Rate the echogenicity of the following organs, the first being most echogenic and the last being least echogenic Spleen, liver, renal cortex
True or False: The normal non-pregnant reproductive tract can be detected via ultrasonography False
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True or False: Hepatic masses and peristalsis can be detected on an ultrasound True
What is the optimal earliest time to detect pregnancy in small animals? 30 days after last  breeding
A patient has lost vision in one eye. The vet suspects a periorbital mass or a brain lesion. What imaging mode would identify the cause with the most detail? Computed Tomography
What is the most reliable and common way to diagnose hyperthyroidism in cats? Nuclear scintigraphy 
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What organ does not produce a hot spot on a scan during nuclear scintigraphy? Bone Necrosis
True or False: Younger animals bones usually have a darker image on nuclear scintigraphy True
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 Acoustic ImpedanceRelationship between density or stiffness of tissue and the velocity of sound within the tissue. Differences in acoustic impedance of adjacent tissues determine the intensity of reflected sound. 
 Acoustic shadowUltrasound artifact. Echo-free zone created distal to the imaged organ when sound waves hit a highly reflective tissue that prevents sound from being transmitted to greater depths. 
 AnechoicNo echoes are detected, and the area is black. Typically associated with fluid-filled structures such as the urinary bladder. 
 AttenuationReduced intensity of radiation caused by absorption or scattering, or both, during passage through tissue. Sound is also attenuated as it passes through tissue and the intensity is reduced.
 B-Mode (Brightness-mode) UltrasonographyIntensity of returning echoes is expressed as brightness in the display.
 Computed Tomography (CT) numberNumber converted to gray scale in the final image, which represents the attenuation of the x-ray beam in tissue within a voxel. The number is also referred to as a Hounsfield Number.
 CurieA unit of radioactivity, (disintegration's per second) 
 Distant EnhancementUltrasound artifact. Increased sound intensity  beyond a fluid-filled, anechoic area, created by absence of attenuation of the sound beam as it passes through the fluid. 
 Doppler ShiftThe difference between transmitted and received sound frequencies. The greater the Doppler Shift, the greater the flow velocity.  
 EchogenicityIntensity of reflected echoes.
 Half-LifeTime in which the initial activity of of a radionuclide  is reduced to one half. Biologic half-life includes excretion, as well as the characteristic half-life of the isotope. 
 HyperechoicEchoes produced are brighter than in surrounding tissue.
 HypoechoicA few echoes are detected, and the area is low-level gray compared with adjacent  tissues. Usually seen with solid homogeneous tissues or complex fluid containing cells such as blood. 
 Labeled compoundA compound whose molecule is tagged with a radionuclide. 
 Linear Array ProbeUltrasound probe containing multiple in-line transducers that create a rectangular-shaped image. 
 Long-axis viewEchocardiographic image showing the heart from base to apex in a longitudinal or sagittal plane.
 M-mode (motion-mode) UltrasonographyInformation is displayed as depth versus time on a graph. Used for echocardiography. 
 Pixels (Picture elements)Tiny squares representing the image matrix
 RadiopharmaceuticalA radoactive drug that can be administered for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. 
 Sector ProbeUltrasound probe with multiple rotating or oscillating transducers that produce a wedge shaped image. 
 Short-axis viewEchocardiographic image showing the heart in transverse plane
 Target OrganThe organ intended to be imaged and expected to receive the greatest concentration of administered radioactivity.
 Voxel (Volume Element)Three-dimensional box represented on an image matrix by the two-dimensional pixel
 On an ultrasonographic view of the liver which vein has more echogenic walls, the hepatic vein or portal veins?Portal Veins
 The ____ is less echogenic than the spleen but more echogenic than the renal cortex.Liver
 Which imaging technology can provide physiological information about the function of specific organs and is a complementary imaging mode?Nuclear Scintigraphy
 What is the most common indication for a bone scan?Lameness that cannot be localized by physical examination. 
 What commonly causes acoustic shadowing?Bone
 True or False Anechoic tissues reflects more echoes than Hyperechoic tissuesFalse
 What method of cardiac imaging evaluates the cardiac wall and valvular movement in real time?M-Mode Ultrasonography
 Rate the echogenicity of the following organs, the first being most echogenic and the last being least echogenicSpleen, liver, renal cortex
 True or False: The normal non-pregnant reproductive tract can be detected via ultrasonographyFalse
 True or False: Hepatic masses and peristalsis can be detected on an ultrasoundTrue
 What is the optimal earliest time to detect pregnancy in small animals?30 days after last  breeding
 A patient has lost vision in one eye. The vet suspects a periorbital mass or a brain lesion. What imaging mode would identify the cause with the most detail?Computed Tomography
 What is the most reliable and common way to diagnose hyperthyroidism in cats?Nuclear scintigraphy 
 What organ does not produce a hot spot on a scan during nuclear scintigraphy?Bone Necrosis
 True or False: Younger animals bones usually have a darker image on nuclear scintigraphyTrue
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